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<p>This study investigates the use of coal fly ash, a low-cost industrial byproduct, for the simultaneous removal of thorium-232 and potassium-40 from oil-well produced water a challenging matrix rich in NORMs. Batch experiments were conducted to optimize critical parameters including pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, and temperature. Under optimized conditions (pH 7 for <sup>232</sup>Th, pH 2.8 for <sup>40</sup>K, 30&#xa0;min contact time, 1.0&#xa0;g adsorbent dose, 293&#xa0;K), removal efficiencies exceeded 90% for <sup>232</sup>Th and reached 48% for <sup>40</sup>K. Kinetic studies revealed that adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model, while equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm, indicating monolayer adsorption. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔG°, ΔS°) confirmed an exothermic and spontaneous process. XRD and SEM analyses showed no significant structural change in the fly ash post-adsorption, highlighting its stability and potential for reuse. These findings demonstrate that untreated fly ash is a sustainable, effective, and economical adsorbent for radionuclide removal from complex industrial wastewater, offering a practical solution for environmental remediation in the petroleum sector.</p>

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Removal of thorium-232 and potassium-40 radionuclides from oil-well water using fly ash

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月27日

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  • Ehab M. Abdel Rahman,
  • Ayman H. Kamel,
  • Gehan M. El-Subruiti,
  • Hanan M. Diab,
  • Saad S. M. Hassan

摘要

This study investigates the use of coal fly ash, a low-cost industrial byproduct, for the simultaneous removal of thorium-232 and potassium-40 from oil-well produced water a challenging matrix rich in NORMs. Batch experiments were conducted to optimize critical parameters including pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, and temperature. Under optimized conditions (pH 7 for 232Th, pH 2.8 for 40K, 30 min contact time, 1.0 g adsorbent dose, 293 K), removal efficiencies exceeded 90% for 232Th and reached 48% for 40K. Kinetic studies revealed that adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model, while equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm, indicating monolayer adsorption. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔG°, ΔS°) confirmed an exothermic and spontaneous process. XRD and SEM analyses showed no significant structural change in the fly ash post-adsorption, highlighting its stability and potential for reuse. These findings demonstrate that untreated fly ash is a sustainable, effective, and economical adsorbent for radionuclide removal from complex industrial wastewater, offering a practical solution for environmental remediation in the petroleum sector.