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<p>Instrumental neutron-activation analysis (INAA) was used to investigate raw-material selection and smelting technology at the Temirpishgan bloomery complex in Uzbekistan. Twelve slag fragments, five ore samples, six clay-lining shards, and three soils were analyzed to characterize ore and flux inputs, quantify clay–slag and soil–slag element exchange, and place Temirpishgan’s metallurgy in regional context. Thermal-neutron irradiation detected up to 34 elements. Iron concentrations ranged from 24–68% in slags and 15–57% in ores, indicating low smelting efficiency and variable ore grade. The study demonstrates INAA’s effectiveness for archaeometallurgical analysis and provides a chemical baseline for ancient ferrous production in Central Asia.</p>

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Elemental composition of iron slags by instrumental neutron-activation analysis: a case study of the Temirpishgan furnace complex, Uzbekistan

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月29日

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  • I. A. Sharonov,
  • A. S. Alibekov,
  • M. A. Reutova,
  • Sh. Kh. Khasanov,
  • Ya. A. Akhmedov,
  • A. A. Mirsagatova,
  • M. I. Salimov

摘要

Instrumental neutron-activation analysis (INAA) was used to investigate raw-material selection and smelting technology at the Temirpishgan bloomery complex in Uzbekistan. Twelve slag fragments, five ore samples, six clay-lining shards, and three soils were analyzed to characterize ore and flux inputs, quantify clay–slag and soil–slag element exchange, and place Temirpishgan’s metallurgy in regional context. Thermal-neutron irradiation detected up to 34 elements. Iron concentrations ranged from 24–68% in slags and 15–57% in ores, indicating low smelting efficiency and variable ore grade. The study demonstrates INAA’s effectiveness for archaeometallurgical analysis and provides a chemical baseline for ancient ferrous production in Central Asia.