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<p>Microwave-responsive nanoparticles have broad application prospects in fields such as microwave hyperthermia and electromagnetic protection. The traditional thermal polymerization method for preparing microwave-responsive nanoparticles is limited by the heat conduction process, resulting in low thermal efficiency and a slow rate. Therefore, it is crucial to study rapid and efficient preparation methods. Here, based on microwave-assisted polymerization technology, we have developed a simple and ultrafast strategy for synthesizing microwave-responsive nanoparticles. Sodium chloride aqueous solution was placed in toluene solution to form a water-in-oil emulsion. Using sodium chloride aqueous solution as the soft template, microwave-responsive nanoparticles with polypyrrole (PPy) as the shell material were prepared by interfacial polymerization. During the polymerization process, under the action of the microwave field, the Na⁺ ions and Cl⁻ ions in the core material migrate and rub vigorously with the change of polarity of the microwave alternating magnetic field, refining the micrometer emulsion droplets to the nanometer level. At the same time, it improves the conversion efficiency of electromagnetic energy to thermal energy, reducing the synthesis time to 1/60 of that of the traditional thermal polymerization method (5&#xa0;h). After the polymerization was completed, the NaCl aqueous solution was successfully confined in PPy nanocavities. In the confined space environment, the ion concentration and collision frequency were further increased, thereby enabling the nanoparticles to exhibit excellent microwave response characteristics. The research results show that under ultra-low power microwave irradiation (2&#xa0;W, 2450&#xa0;MHz), 36% of NaCl@PPy nanoparticles exhibit optimal microwave response characteristics, achieving rapid microwave heating within 900&#xa0;s, with the maximum temperature reaching 52.0 ° C, which is 1.42 times and 1.36 times that of physiological saline (NS) and pure PPy, respectively. It is expected to find important applications in fields such as microwave hyperthermia and stealth coatings.</p>

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Microwave-assisted efficient synthesis of ion-confined NaCl@PPy microwave-responsive nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月17日

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  • Yingdong Wei,
  • Xin Li,
  • Mimi Xu,
  • Ning Wu,
  • Guxia Wang,
  • Shengwei Guo,
  • Yen Wei,
  • Qing Yin,
  • Dan Li

摘要

Microwave-responsive nanoparticles have broad application prospects in fields such as microwave hyperthermia and electromagnetic protection. The traditional thermal polymerization method for preparing microwave-responsive nanoparticles is limited by the heat conduction process, resulting in low thermal efficiency and a slow rate. Therefore, it is crucial to study rapid and efficient preparation methods. Here, based on microwave-assisted polymerization technology, we have developed a simple and ultrafast strategy for synthesizing microwave-responsive nanoparticles. Sodium chloride aqueous solution was placed in toluene solution to form a water-in-oil emulsion. Using sodium chloride aqueous solution as the soft template, microwave-responsive nanoparticles with polypyrrole (PPy) as the shell material were prepared by interfacial polymerization. During the polymerization process, under the action of the microwave field, the Na⁺ ions and Cl⁻ ions in the core material migrate and rub vigorously with the change of polarity of the microwave alternating magnetic field, refining the micrometer emulsion droplets to the nanometer level. At the same time, it improves the conversion efficiency of electromagnetic energy to thermal energy, reducing the synthesis time to 1/60 of that of the traditional thermal polymerization method (5 h). After the polymerization was completed, the NaCl aqueous solution was successfully confined in PPy nanocavities. In the confined space environment, the ion concentration and collision frequency were further increased, thereby enabling the nanoparticles to exhibit excellent microwave response characteristics. The research results show that under ultra-low power microwave irradiation (2 W, 2450 MHz), 36% of NaCl@PPy nanoparticles exhibit optimal microwave response characteristics, achieving rapid microwave heating within 900 s, with the maximum temperature reaching 52.0 ° C, which is 1.42 times and 1.36 times that of physiological saline (NS) and pure PPy, respectively. It is expected to find important applications in fields such as microwave hyperthermia and stealth coatings.