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<p>Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films loaded with SiO₂ nanoparticles (0–10 wt%) were prepared by aqueous solution casting and evaluated as transparent PVA/SiO₂ films for photovoltaic (PV) cover glass. XRD analysis indicates progressive refinement of coherent domains, where the apparent crystallite size decreases from 25.4&#xa0;nm (2 wt%) to 15.7&#xa0;nm (10 wt%), accompanied by an increase in micro-strain from 0.229% to 0.64%, consistent with enhanced interfacial constraints at higher SiO₂ loadings. FTIR results confirm the preservation of the PVA backbone, with strengthened Si–O–Si features and systematic changes in the O–H band, evidencing reorganization of the hydrogen-bond network at the polymer–silica interface. Optical analysis reveals a controlled red shift of the absorption edge, with the direct band-gap decreasing from 6.23 to 4.85&#xa0;eV and the indirect gap from 6.13 to 4.56&#xa0;eV, alongside increased band-tail disorder. Importantly, application-oriented optical metrics quantify a clear trade-off: AVT (400–700&#xa0;nm) decreases from 90.53% to 23.60%, whereas UV-blocking (280–400&#xa0;nm) increases from 15.29% to 88.15% as SiO₂ rises from 0 to 10 wt%. Accordingly, 5 wt% provides a balanced compromise (AVT ≈ 56.99% with UV-blocking ≈ 60.71%), while 7–10 wt% prioritizes stronger UV shielding at the expense of visible transparency. Overall, these metrics enable selecting the SiO₂ loading based on the targeted balance between visible transparency and UV protection for PV cover-glass coatings/films and support identifying an application-driven loading “sweet spot” for simultaneous daylight transmission and UV mitigation.</p>

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PVA/SiO2 nanocomposite films for photovoltaic cover glass

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月6日

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  • Rasheed Lateef Jawad,
  • Duha Ismail Khalil,
  • Reyam H. Marah,
  • Bassam Thaban

摘要

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films loaded with SiO₂ nanoparticles (0–10 wt%) were prepared by aqueous solution casting and evaluated as transparent PVA/SiO₂ films for photovoltaic (PV) cover glass. XRD analysis indicates progressive refinement of coherent domains, where the apparent crystallite size decreases from 25.4 nm (2 wt%) to 15.7 nm (10 wt%), accompanied by an increase in micro-strain from 0.229% to 0.64%, consistent with enhanced interfacial constraints at higher SiO₂ loadings. FTIR results confirm the preservation of the PVA backbone, with strengthened Si–O–Si features and systematic changes in the O–H band, evidencing reorganization of the hydrogen-bond network at the polymer–silica interface. Optical analysis reveals a controlled red shift of the absorption edge, with the direct band-gap decreasing from 6.23 to 4.85 eV and the indirect gap from 6.13 to 4.56 eV, alongside increased band-tail disorder. Importantly, application-oriented optical metrics quantify a clear trade-off: AVT (400–700 nm) decreases from 90.53% to 23.60%, whereas UV-blocking (280–400 nm) increases from 15.29% to 88.15% as SiO₂ rises from 0 to 10 wt%. Accordingly, 5 wt% provides a balanced compromise (AVT ≈ 56.99% with UV-blocking ≈ 60.71%), while 7–10 wt% prioritizes stronger UV shielding at the expense of visible transparency. Overall, these metrics enable selecting the SiO₂ loading based on the targeted balance between visible transparency and UV protection for PV cover-glass coatings/films and support identifying an application-driven loading “sweet spot” for simultaneous daylight transmission and UV mitigation.