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<p>Porous fibers are recognized as an ideal functional carrier in areas such as toxic gas adsorption, industrial catalyst recovery, membrane fouling mitigation, and antibacterial agent immobilization. To extend the service life of polymeric porous fibers and maximize the exposure and immobilization of functional components on the fiber surface, this study fabricated activated carbon (AC)-loaded porous polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fibers via melt-spinning of PPS/AC/polyethersulfone (PES) ternary blends, followed by annealing and PES phase extraction. To clarify the pore formation mechanism and AC migration behavior, the effects of blending sequence (AC/PPS-PES, AC/PES-PPS, and AC/PES/PPS), AC content, and melt extrusion temperature were systematically investigated in terms of rheological behavior, AC distribution, pore morphology, and mechanical properties of the resulting fibers. Based on rheological tests, scanning electron microscopy, N₂ adsorption-desorption analysis, and mechanical measurements, the rules governing the exposure-immobilization state of AC on the PPS fiber surface were summarized. Although the AC/PPS-PES blend exhibited the highest continuity of the PES phase, it produced the smallest pores, leading to significant embedding of AC within the PPS matrix. In contrast, AC/PES-PPS and AC/PES/PPS blends showed stronger affinity between PPS and AC, promoting AC migration toward the PES-PPS interface. After PES extraction, these blends not only developed richer pore structures but also immobilized a substantial amount of AC on the pore walls of the PPS matrix. Furthermore, porous fibers from the AC/PPS-PES sequence demonstrated higher tensile strength, which increased progressively with AC content.</p>

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Preparation and optimization of porous polyphenylene sulfide fibers: a potential carrier for the exposure-immobilization of active substances

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • Yan Liu,
  • Yan Tang,
  • Junfeng Li,
  • Xiaosong Li,
  • Shengchang Zhang

摘要

Porous fibers are recognized as an ideal functional carrier in areas such as toxic gas adsorption, industrial catalyst recovery, membrane fouling mitigation, and antibacterial agent immobilization. To extend the service life of polymeric porous fibers and maximize the exposure and immobilization of functional components on the fiber surface, this study fabricated activated carbon (AC)-loaded porous polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fibers via melt-spinning of PPS/AC/polyethersulfone (PES) ternary blends, followed by annealing and PES phase extraction. To clarify the pore formation mechanism and AC migration behavior, the effects of blending sequence (AC/PPS-PES, AC/PES-PPS, and AC/PES/PPS), AC content, and melt extrusion temperature were systematically investigated in terms of rheological behavior, AC distribution, pore morphology, and mechanical properties of the resulting fibers. Based on rheological tests, scanning electron microscopy, N₂ adsorption-desorption analysis, and mechanical measurements, the rules governing the exposure-immobilization state of AC on the PPS fiber surface were summarized. Although the AC/PPS-PES blend exhibited the highest continuity of the PES phase, it produced the smallest pores, leading to significant embedding of AC within the PPS matrix. In contrast, AC/PES-PPS and AC/PES/PPS blends showed stronger affinity between PPS and AC, promoting AC migration toward the PES-PPS interface. After PES extraction, these blends not only developed richer pore structures but also immobilized a substantial amount of AC on the pore walls of the PPS matrix. Furthermore, porous fibers from the AC/PPS-PES sequence demonstrated higher tensile strength, which increased progressively with AC content.