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<p>Dopamine (DA), uric acid (UA), and ascorbic acid (AA), are vital in physiological processes. AA acts as antioxidant protecting against oxidative stress, DA is a key neurotransmitter for message transfer and UA is found in blood and urine. Abnormal levels are linked to diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s, and cardiovascular conditions, making rapid and precise detection crucial. In this study, novel modified electrodes Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), nano-Cu/PEDOT, PEDOT-SDS, and nano-Cu/PEDOT-SDS were synthesized electrochemically under optimal conditions in an organic solvent. Characterization via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) showed that nano-Cu/PEDOT-SDS delivered the best performance, exhibiting higher current responses than other electrodes due to increased surface area from copper nano particles (CuNP<sub>S</sub>) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) modifiers. These electrodes demonstrated excellent electrochemical activity for biomolecule detection. All electrodes successfully detected DA, AA, and UA, with nano-Cu/PEDOT-SDS showing superior performance for DA, and PEDOT-SDS excelling for AA and UA. For simultaneous detection at pH 7, only nano-Cu/PEDOT-SDS identified all three analytes with distinct peaks at 0.13&#xa0;V (DA), 0.39&#xa0;V (UA), and − 0.11&#xa0;V (AA). The modified electrodes had good stability and repeatability. The theoretical study demonstrated that the modeled increase in current density resulting from polymer film growth and the inclusion of SDS and Cu within the oligomer structure showed a strong agreement with experimental data.</p>

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Electrochemical synthesis of new composite poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) as a modified electrode: experimental and theoretical studies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月23日

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  • Mobina Hosseini,
  • Davood Ajloo,
  • Hossein Nikoofard

摘要

Dopamine (DA), uric acid (UA), and ascorbic acid (AA), are vital in physiological processes. AA acts as antioxidant protecting against oxidative stress, DA is a key neurotransmitter for message transfer and UA is found in blood and urine. Abnormal levels are linked to diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s, and cardiovascular conditions, making rapid and precise detection crucial. In this study, novel modified electrodes Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), nano-Cu/PEDOT, PEDOT-SDS, and nano-Cu/PEDOT-SDS were synthesized electrochemically under optimal conditions in an organic solvent. Characterization via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) showed that nano-Cu/PEDOT-SDS delivered the best performance, exhibiting higher current responses than other electrodes due to increased surface area from copper nano particles (CuNPS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) modifiers. These electrodes demonstrated excellent electrochemical activity for biomolecule detection. All electrodes successfully detected DA, AA, and UA, with nano-Cu/PEDOT-SDS showing superior performance for DA, and PEDOT-SDS excelling for AA and UA. For simultaneous detection at pH 7, only nano-Cu/PEDOT-SDS identified all three analytes with distinct peaks at 0.13 V (DA), 0.39 V (UA), and − 0.11 V (AA). The modified electrodes had good stability and repeatability. The theoretical study demonstrated that the modeled increase in current density resulting from polymer film growth and the inclusion of SDS and Cu within the oligomer structure showed a strong agreement with experimental data.