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<p>Polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams, which are a special type of polyurethane foam, are mainly used in various industries and for building insulation. However, the flammability of these foams has always been a concern. For this purpose, flame-retardant (FR) additives have been used and investigated in recent research in the formulation of these foams. However, many of these FR additives are not environmentally friendly and do not maintain mechanical strength. On the other hand, petroleum-based polyols are often used in the formulation of these foams, which also pose environmental risks. In this study, soybean oil (SBO) polyol was synthesized using transamidation method. Also, aluminum hydroxide nanoparticles (ATH NPs) additive was produced using mechanical crushing method. PIR foams containing 100% SBO-based polyol and ATH NPs as a halogen-free FR were produced. The properties of SBO-PIR foams containing different percentages of ATH NPs (0, 5, 10, and 20%) were investigated. The effect of ATH NPs on the properties of SBO-based PIR foams including physical properties, thermal stability, morphology, mechanical stability, and flammability was investigated by TGA-DTG, XRD, FT-IR, SEM, tensile strength test, compressive strength test, and open flame test. The findings showed that the addition of ATH NPs significantly improves the thermal and mechanical properties of SBO-based PIR foam.</p>

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Effect of aluminum tri-hydroxide nanoparticles on eco-friendly soybean oil-based polyisocyanurate foams: morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月4日

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  • Samaneh Taghvaei Nia,
  • Mir Mohammad Alavi Nikje

摘要

Polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams, which are a special type of polyurethane foam, are mainly used in various industries and for building insulation. However, the flammability of these foams has always been a concern. For this purpose, flame-retardant (FR) additives have been used and investigated in recent research in the formulation of these foams. However, many of these FR additives are not environmentally friendly and do not maintain mechanical strength. On the other hand, petroleum-based polyols are often used in the formulation of these foams, which also pose environmental risks. In this study, soybean oil (SBO) polyol was synthesized using transamidation method. Also, aluminum hydroxide nanoparticles (ATH NPs) additive was produced using mechanical crushing method. PIR foams containing 100% SBO-based polyol and ATH NPs as a halogen-free FR were produced. The properties of SBO-PIR foams containing different percentages of ATH NPs (0, 5, 10, and 20%) were investigated. The effect of ATH NPs on the properties of SBO-based PIR foams including physical properties, thermal stability, morphology, mechanical stability, and flammability was investigated by TGA-DTG, XRD, FT-IR, SEM, tensile strength test, compressive strength test, and open flame test. The findings showed that the addition of ATH NPs significantly improves the thermal and mechanical properties of SBO-based PIR foam.