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<p>This work explores the protection performance of tetraglycidyloxy deoxy-D-glucose (TGDG) epoxy resin for carbon steel in 1&#xa0;M HCl by the experimental and theoretical approaches. Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed that TGDG acts as a highly efficient, concentration-dependent inhibitor, achieving a maximum inhibition efficiency of 91.55% at 10⁻<sup>3</sup> M, with corrosion current density reduced from 886.125 to 83.729 µA/cm<sup>2</sup>. EIS results corroborated these findings, showing a substantial increase in charge transfer resistance (from 33.47 to 199.4 Ω·cm²) and a decrease in double-layer capacitance (from 310 to 108 µF). Temperature effect studies indicated a moderate decline in efficiency at elevated temperatures, maintaining 59.68% inhibition at 328&#xa0;K. Thermodynamic evaluations showed an increase in activation energy (from 21 to 59.67&#xa0;kJ/mol) and enthalpy (from 18.19 to 57.08&#xa0;kJ/mol), while a decrease in entropy, suggesting a more ordered inhibitor-metal interface. Adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm (R<sup>2</sup> = 1), indicating monolayer, spontaneous adsorption with ΔG<sub>ads</sub> = − 44.47&#xa0;kJ/mol. DFT calculations revealed favorable electronic properties for both neutral and protonated TGDG, while MC/MD simulations demonstrated strong adsorption energies (–232.75&#xa0;kcal/mol for TGDG) and chemical interaction at &lt; 3.5 Å distances. SEM/EDS analyses confirmed smoother metal surfaces and reduced corrosive element content post-inhibition. These findings collectively highlight TGDG’s promise as an effective, thermally stable, and surface-active green inhibitor for carbon steel protection in acidic environments.</p>

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Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel by tetraglycidyloxy deoxy-D-glucose epoxy resin in hydrochloric acid: experimental and computational insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月30日

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  • Adil Errahimi,
  • Omar Dagdag,
  • Oussama El Ghali,
  • Kamelia Blyid,
  • Hansang Kim,
  • Rida Allah Belakhmima,
  • Mohamed Rafik,
  • Avni Berisha,
  • Elyor Berdimurodov,
  • Fazliddin Jalilov,
  • Mohamed Ebn Touhami

摘要

This work explores the protection performance of tetraglycidyloxy deoxy-D-glucose (TGDG) epoxy resin for carbon steel in 1 M HCl by the experimental and theoretical approaches. Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed that TGDG acts as a highly efficient, concentration-dependent inhibitor, achieving a maximum inhibition efficiency of 91.55% at 10⁻3 M, with corrosion current density reduced from 886.125 to 83.729 µA/cm2. EIS results corroborated these findings, showing a substantial increase in charge transfer resistance (from 33.47 to 199.4 Ω·cm²) and a decrease in double-layer capacitance (from 310 to 108 µF). Temperature effect studies indicated a moderate decline in efficiency at elevated temperatures, maintaining 59.68% inhibition at 328 K. Thermodynamic evaluations showed an increase in activation energy (from 21 to 59.67 kJ/mol) and enthalpy (from 18.19 to 57.08 kJ/mol), while a decrease in entropy, suggesting a more ordered inhibitor-metal interface. Adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 1), indicating monolayer, spontaneous adsorption with ΔGads = − 44.47 kJ/mol. DFT calculations revealed favorable electronic properties for both neutral and protonated TGDG, while MC/MD simulations demonstrated strong adsorption energies (–232.75 kcal/mol for TGDG) and chemical interaction at < 3.5 Å distances. SEM/EDS analyses confirmed smoother metal surfaces and reduced corrosive element content post-inhibition. These findings collectively highlight TGDG’s promise as an effective, thermally stable, and surface-active green inhibitor for carbon steel protection in acidic environments.