<p>In this work, we consider the incompressible generalized Navier-Stokes-Voigt equations in a bounded domain <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {O}\subset \mathbb {R}^d\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">O</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d\ge 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, driven by a multiplicative Gaussian noise. The considered momentum equation is given by: <Equation ID="Equ160"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_Equ160.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="557" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \textrm{d}\left( \varvec{u} - \kappa \Delta \varvec{u}\right) = \left[ \varvec{f} +{\operatorname {div}} \left( -\pi \textbf{I}+\nu |\textbf{D}(\varvec{u})|^{p-2}\textbf{D}(\varvec{u})-\varvec{u}\otimes \varvec{u}\right) \right] \textrm{d} t + \Phi (\varvec{u})\textrm{dW}(t). \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mtext>d</mtext> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">u</mi> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>κ</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">u</mi> </mrow> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <mfenced close="]" open="["> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">f</mi> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mo>div</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mo>-</mo> <mi>π</mi> <mi mathvariant="bold">I</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi>ν</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="bold">D</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">u</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="bold">D</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">u</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">u</mi> </mrow> <mo>⊗</mo> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">u</mi> </mrow> </mfenced> </mfenced> <mtext>d</mtext> <mi>t</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">u</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mtext>dW</mtext> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>In the case of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="56" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d=2,3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varvec{u}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">u</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> accounts for the velocity field, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\pi \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>π</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the pressure, <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varvec{f}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">f</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a body force and the final term represents the stochastic forces. Here, <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\kappa \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>κ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\nu \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>ν</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are given positive constants that account for the kinematic viscosity and relaxation time, and the power-law index <i>p</i> is another constant (assumed <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p&gt;1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) that characterizes the flow. We use the usual notation <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="9" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textbf{I}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="bold">I</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for the unit tensor and <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="187" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textbf{D}(\varvec{u}):=\frac{1}{2}\left( \nabla \varvec{u} + (\nabla \varvec{u})^{\top }\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold">D</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">u</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>:</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">u</mi> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">u</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>⊤</mi> </msup> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for the symmetric part of velocity gradient. For <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3500_Article_IEq12.gif" Format="GIF" Height="24" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="96" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p\in \big (\frac{2d}{d+2},\infty \big )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em" stretchy="true">(</mo> </mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em" stretchy="true">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we first prove the existence of a <i>martingale solution</i>. Then we show the <i>pathwise uniqueness of solutions</i>. We employ the classical <i>Yamada-Watanabe theorem</i> to ensure the existence of a unique <i>probabilistic strong solution</i>.</p>

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Existence and Uniqueness of Weak Solutions for the Generalized Stochastic Navier-Stokes-Voigt Equations

  • Ankit Kumar,
  • Hermenegildo Borges de Oliveira,
  • Manil T. Mohan

摘要

In this work, we consider the incompressible generalized Navier-Stokes-Voigt equations in a bounded domain \(\mathcal {O}\subset \mathbb {R}^d\) O R d , \(d\ge 2\) d 2 , driven by a multiplicative Gaussian noise. The considered momentum equation is given by: \(\begin{aligned} \textrm{d}\left( \varvec{u} - \kappa \Delta \varvec{u}\right) = \left[ \varvec{f} +{\operatorname {div}} \left( -\pi \textbf{I}+\nu |\textbf{D}(\varvec{u})|^{p-2}\textbf{D}(\varvec{u})-\varvec{u}\otimes \varvec{u}\right) \right] \textrm{d} t + \Phi (\varvec{u})\textrm{dW}(t). \end{aligned}\) d u - κ Δ u = f + div - π I + ν | D ( u ) | p - 2 D ( u ) - u u d t + Φ ( u ) dW ( t ) . In the case of \(d=2,3\) d = 2 , 3 , \(\varvec{u}\) u accounts for the velocity field, \(\pi \) π is the pressure, \(\varvec{f}\) f is a body force and the final term represents the stochastic forces. Here, \(\kappa \) κ and \(\nu \) ν are given positive constants that account for the kinematic viscosity and relaxation time, and the power-law index p is another constant (assumed \(p>1\) p > 1 ) that characterizes the flow. We use the usual notation \(\textbf{I}\) I for the unit tensor and \(\textbf{D}(\varvec{u}):=\frac{1}{2}\left( \nabla \varvec{u} + (\nabla \varvec{u})^{\top }\right) \) D ( u ) : = 1 2 u + ( u ) for the symmetric part of velocity gradient. For \(p\in \big (\frac{2d}{d+2},\infty \big )\) p ( 2 d d + 2 , ) , we first prove the existence of a martingale solution. Then we show the pathwise uniqueness of solutions. We employ the classical Yamada-Watanabe theorem to ensure the existence of a unique probabilistic strong solution.