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<p>Seismological studies and historical reports indicate that the Aqaba Gulf region is characterized by significant earthquake activity, impacting surrounding areas such as northern Egypt and northwestern Saudi Arabia. Significant seismic events, including the 22 November 1995 earthquake with local magnitude of 7.3 as reported by the Egyptian National Seismic Network (ENSN), have affected these regions. This study aims to examine the faulting mechanisms and seismic source characteristics through full waveform moment tensor inversion, as well as to assess the ground motion effects using a stochastic simulation model for two moderate-magnitude earthquakes in the Aqaba Gulf region: the 27 June 2015 (Mw = 5.5) and 16 May 2016 (Mw = 5.4) events, occurring in the Aragonese and Dakar basins, respectively. The moment tensor inversion for the Aragonese earthquake revealed a strike-slip fault mechanism, with nodal planes-oriented NNE-SSW and ESE-WNW. In contrast, the Dakar earthquake displayed strike-slip movement with minor dip-slip along NNE-SSW fault planes. The full decomposition of the moment tensors into Double-Couple (DC), Compensated Linear Vector Dipole (CLVD), and Isotropic (ISO) components confirmed a tectonic origin for the earthquakes, with a tensile source type for the Aqaba events. Finally, the strong ground motion parameters are predicted, including the acceleration time history, Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), Peak Ground Velocity (PGV), Peak Ground Displacement (PGD), and the Pseud Spectral Acceleration (PSA) at the investigated regions (Magna, AlBad’, Tayyib Al-ism, and the Assilah), northwest Saudi Arabia. The ground motion analysis of the 2015 and 2016 earthquakes indicates that shaking intensities were moderate, with PGA and PSA values insufficient to cause major structural damage but capable of producing minor property impacts. These results highlight the localized nature of seismic effects, with higher ground motion recorded closer to the epicenters, emphasizing the importance of site proximity and local conditions in assessing seismic hazard in northwestern Saudi Arabia.</p>

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Source characteristics and strong ground motion parameters of the recent moderate earthquakes at the Gulf of Aqaba, Northwest Saudi Arabia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月3日

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  • Saleh Qaysi,
  • Hamada Saadalla,
  • Nassir Alarifi,
  • Abdalla Abdelnabi,
  • Turki Sehli

摘要

Seismological studies and historical reports indicate that the Aqaba Gulf region is characterized by significant earthquake activity, impacting surrounding areas such as northern Egypt and northwestern Saudi Arabia. Significant seismic events, including the 22 November 1995 earthquake with local magnitude of 7.3 as reported by the Egyptian National Seismic Network (ENSN), have affected these regions. This study aims to examine the faulting mechanisms and seismic source characteristics through full waveform moment tensor inversion, as well as to assess the ground motion effects using a stochastic simulation model for two moderate-magnitude earthquakes in the Aqaba Gulf region: the 27 June 2015 (Mw = 5.5) and 16 May 2016 (Mw = 5.4) events, occurring in the Aragonese and Dakar basins, respectively. The moment tensor inversion for the Aragonese earthquake revealed a strike-slip fault mechanism, with nodal planes-oriented NNE-SSW and ESE-WNW. In contrast, the Dakar earthquake displayed strike-slip movement with minor dip-slip along NNE-SSW fault planes. The full decomposition of the moment tensors into Double-Couple (DC), Compensated Linear Vector Dipole (CLVD), and Isotropic (ISO) components confirmed a tectonic origin for the earthquakes, with a tensile source type for the Aqaba events. Finally, the strong ground motion parameters are predicted, including the acceleration time history, Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), Peak Ground Velocity (PGV), Peak Ground Displacement (PGD), and the Pseud Spectral Acceleration (PSA) at the investigated regions (Magna, AlBad’, Tayyib Al-ism, and the Assilah), northwest Saudi Arabia. The ground motion analysis of the 2015 and 2016 earthquakes indicates that shaking intensities were moderate, with PGA and PSA values insufficient to cause major structural damage but capable of producing minor property impacts. These results highlight the localized nature of seismic effects, with higher ground motion recorded closer to the epicenters, emphasizing the importance of site proximity and local conditions in assessing seismic hazard in northwestern Saudi Arabia.