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<p>The (Nd<sub>10.23</sub>Pr<sub>2.56</sub>Fe<sub>69.77</sub>Co<sub>11.63</sub>B<sub>5.81</sub>)<sub>100−<i>x</i></sub>Cu<sub><i>x</i></sub> (<i>x</i> = 0–2.0) alloy ribbons were fabricated by melt-spinning technique at 15&#xa0;m/s, and their hard magnetic performance and microstructure were systematically examined. The experimental results indicate that the intrinsic coercivity (<i>H</i><sub><i>ci</i></sub>) initially increases significantly with minor Cu addition, followed by a gradual decrease at higher Cu contents, while both the remanence (<i>B</i><sub><i>r</i></sub>) and maximum magnetic energy product ((<i>BH</i>)<sub>max</sub>) exhibit a declining trend. Notably, the <i>x</i> = 0.5 alloy achieves the highest intrinsic coercivity of 1260 kA/m, representing a 40.6% improvement compared to the Cu-free alloy. Cu addition results in a marked increase in the grain size. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis shows that a minor Cu addition has a dramatic effect on the average grain size, enlarging it from 19 ± 1&#xa0;nm (<i>x</i> = 0) to 60 ± 1&#xa0;nm (<i>x</i> = 0.5). The mechanism of coercivity improvement induced by Cu addition is discussed by the observed intergranular phase. A distinct ferromagnetic intergranular phase enriched in Nd, Pr, and Cu is observed in the <i>x</i> = 0.5 alloy. The ~ 8&#xa0;nm-thick intergranular phase exceeds the ferromagnetic exchange interaction length (over 4.18&#xa0;nm) between 2:14:1 grains, thereby weakening ferromagnetic exchange coupling interaction and enhancing coercivity.</p>

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Influence of Cu Addition on Magnetic Properties and Microstructure of Melt-spun NdFeB Alloys

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月28日

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  • Fang Li,
  • Xiaohua Tan,
  • Hui Xu

摘要

The (Nd10.23Pr2.56Fe69.77Co11.63B5.81)100−xCux (x = 0–2.0) alloy ribbons were fabricated by melt-spinning technique at 15 m/s, and their hard magnetic performance and microstructure were systematically examined. The experimental results indicate that the intrinsic coercivity (Hci) initially increases significantly with minor Cu addition, followed by a gradual decrease at higher Cu contents, while both the remanence (Br) and maximum magnetic energy product ((BH)max) exhibit a declining trend. Notably, the x = 0.5 alloy achieves the highest intrinsic coercivity of 1260 kA/m, representing a 40.6% improvement compared to the Cu-free alloy. Cu addition results in a marked increase in the grain size. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis shows that a minor Cu addition has a dramatic effect on the average grain size, enlarging it from 19 ± 1 nm (x = 0) to 60 ± 1 nm (x = 0.5). The mechanism of coercivity improvement induced by Cu addition is discussed by the observed intergranular phase. A distinct ferromagnetic intergranular phase enriched in Nd, Pr, and Cu is observed in the x = 0.5 alloy. The ~ 8 nm-thick intergranular phase exceeds the ferromagnetic exchange interaction length (over 4.18 nm) between 2:14:1 grains, thereby weakening ferromagnetic exchange coupling interaction and enhancing coercivity.