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<p>Alloying and annealing are key strategies for improving the soft-magnetic performance of Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline alloys. We systematically investigated the amorphous-forming ability (AFA), soft-magnetic properties, and microstructure of Fe₈₂Si₄B₁₂−<i>x</i>C₁Cu₁Mn<i>ₓ</i> (<i>x</i> = 0–2) with B partially replaced by a trace amount of Mn while keeping the Fe content constant. Conventional annealing (CA) was compared with two-step annealing (TSA). All compositions showed good AFA and a wide annealing temperature window (Δ<i>T</i><sub><i>x</i></sub>). Atomic rearrangement during pre-annealing (structural relaxation) increased the nucleation density of Cu clusters in the amorphous matrix. TSA markedly influenced the coercivity (<i>H</i><sub>c</sub>), saturation magnetic flux density (<i>B</i><sub>s</sub>), and α-Fe grain number density (<i>N</i><sub>d</sub>). The Fe<sub>82</sub>Si<sub>4</sub>B<sub>11</sub>C<sub>1</sub>Cu<sub>1</sub>Mn<sub>1</sub> alloy obtained by TSA exhibited excellent magnetic properties, with <i>B</i><sub>s</sub> = 1.77 T, <i>H</i><sub>c</sub> = 5.41&#xa0;A/m, and <i>µ</i><sub>e</sub> = 1.31 × 10<sup>4</sup> at 1&#xa0;kHz. Meanwhile, the <i>N</i><sub>d</sub> of α-Fe increased from 8.33 × 10<sup>21</sup> m<sup>− 3</sup> to 2.48 × 10<sup>22</sup> m<sup>− 3</sup>.</p>

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Effects of Mn Substitution for B and Two-Step Annealing on the Amorphous-Forming Ability, Soft-Magnetic Properties, and Microstructure of Fe–Si–B–C–Cu Alloys

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月1日

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  • Bo-Ju Fang,
  • Zhe Chen,
  • Qian-Ke Zhu,
  • Shu-Jie Kang,
  • Yong-Bin Li,
  • Ke-Wei Zhang

摘要

Alloying and annealing are key strategies for improving the soft-magnetic performance of Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline alloys. We systematically investigated the amorphous-forming ability (AFA), soft-magnetic properties, and microstructure of Fe₈₂Si₄B₁₂−xC₁Cu₁Mnₓ (x = 0–2) with B partially replaced by a trace amount of Mn while keeping the Fe content constant. Conventional annealing (CA) was compared with two-step annealing (TSA). All compositions showed good AFA and a wide annealing temperature window (ΔTx). Atomic rearrangement during pre-annealing (structural relaxation) increased the nucleation density of Cu clusters in the amorphous matrix. TSA markedly influenced the coercivity (Hc), saturation magnetic flux density (Bs), and α-Fe grain number density (Nd). The Fe82Si4B11C1Cu1Mn1 alloy obtained by TSA exhibited excellent magnetic properties, with Bs = 1.77 T, Hc = 5.41 A/m, and µe = 1.31 × 104 at 1 kHz. Meanwhile, the Nd of α-Fe increased from 8.33 × 1021 m− 3 to 2.48 × 1022 m− 3.