<p>We utilized 3D-MLSI (three-dimensional magnetic low-temperature superconducting interference) simulations to investigate the inductance and effective areas of slit-shape SQUIDs, directly coupled magnetometers, as well as one- and two-level coupled magnetometers. For slit-shape SQUIDs, the impact of five parameters, slit length, slit width, linewidth, film thickness, and London penetration depth, on the inductance was systematically evaluated. In the case of directly coupled magnetometers, with the outer side length of the pickup loop fixed at 10 mm, we explored the effect of varying the inner side length on the effective area. For both one- and two-level coupled magnetometers, flux transformers with square and circular input coils were designed, corresponding to square and circular apertures in the SQUID chip. The influence of the inner side length or inner diameter of the SQUID chip and the input coil on the inductance, mutual inductance, coupling coefficient, and effective area was analyzed. The results indicate that under the optimal parameter configuration, the directly coupled magnetometers achieved a maximum effective area of 0.35 mm<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10948_2025_7032_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="8" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$^2$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mn>2</mn> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, one-level coupled magnetometers reached 4.5 mm<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10948_2025_7032_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="8" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$^{2}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mn>2</mn> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and the two-level coupled magnetometers achieved 0.88 mm<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10948_2025_7032_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="8" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$^{2}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mn>2</mn> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. These findings provide valuable information on the design and optimization of magnetometers, with the goal of enhancing their effective areas and sensitivity to magnetic fields.</p>

Inductance Simulation and Design Optimization of High-Temperature Superconducting Magnetometers Based on 3D-MLSI

期刊论文
发表日期：

2025年8月7日

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Xiaoliang Wang,
Wenzhi Zhang,
Yicong Huang,
Wenqian Liu,
Shangqing Li,
Chaoyun Zhang,
Enhua Chen,
Songling Xiao,
Shuo Xiang,
Tuo Zhang,
Jianxin Lin

摘要

We utilized 3D-MLSI (three-dimensional magnetic low-temperature superconducting interference) simulations to investigate the inductance and effective areas of slit-shape SQUIDs, directly coupled magnetometers, as well as one- and two-level coupled magnetometers. For slit-shape SQUIDs, the impact of five parameters, slit length, slit width, linewidth, film thickness, and London penetration depth, on the inductance was systematically evaluated. In the case of directly coupled magnetometers, with the outer side length of the pickup loop fixed at 10 mm, we explored the effect of varying the inner side length on the effective area. For both one- and two-level coupled magnetometers, flux transformers with square and circular input coils were designed, corresponding to square and circular apertures in the SQUID chip. The influence of the inner side length or inner diameter of the SQUID chip and the input coil on the inductance, mutual inductance, coupling coefficient, and effective area was analyzed. The results indicate that under the optimal parameter configuration, the directly coupled magnetometers achieved a maximum effective area of 0.35 mm $^2$ $^{2}$ , one-level coupled magnetometers reached 4.5 mm $^{2}$ $^{2}$ , and the two-level coupled magnetometers achieved 0.88 mm $^{2}$ $^{2}$ . These findings provide valuable information on the design and optimization of magnetometers, with the goal of enhancing their effective areas and sensitivity to magnetic fields.