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<p>Using the finite element method, this study investigated the generation and propagation of ultrasonic waves induced by laser action on water via the thermal expansion mechanism. Firstly, the relationship between sound wave intensity and laser source parameters was analyzed. The results showed that the intensity of the laser-induced acoustic wave is linearly correlated with the laser’s peak power density under this mechanism. When a&#xa0;CO<sub>2</sub> laser with strong water absorption (800 cm<sup>-1</sup>) was used as the excitation source, the optimal pulse width was approximately 100–150 ns under a&#xa0;constant laser peak power density. Subsequently, the propagation characteristics of acoustic waves generated by sources located in air, in water, and at the air-water interface were analyzed. Finally, the detection of an underwater target was successfully demonstrated using laser-induced ultrasound on a&#xa0;submerged iron ball.</p>

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Research on the generation and propagation characteristics of laser-induced underwater acoustic waves based on the thermal expansion mechanism

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月1日

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  • Xiaojin Cheng,
  • Hanguo Zhang,
  • Song Zhang,
  • Jianhua Shang

摘要

Using the finite element method, this study investigated the generation and propagation of ultrasonic waves induced by laser action on water via the thermal expansion mechanism. Firstly, the relationship between sound wave intensity and laser source parameters was analyzed. The results showed that the intensity of the laser-induced acoustic wave is linearly correlated with the laser’s peak power density under this mechanism. When a CO2 laser with strong water absorption (800 cm-1) was used as the excitation source, the optimal pulse width was approximately 100–150 ns under a constant laser peak power density. Subsequently, the propagation characteristics of acoustic waves generated by sources located in air, in water, and at the air-water interface were analyzed. Finally, the detection of an underwater target was successfully demonstrated using laser-induced ultrasound on a submerged iron ball.