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<p>Spirituality is widely recognized as a potential moderator of the adverse effects of hemodialysis on mental health. Understanding its impact on mental health in Saudi Arabia and the Arab world, however, remains a significant research gap. Hence, this study aims to explore the correlations between spirituality, anxiety, and depression among Saudi Arabian patients undergoing hemodialysis. Using a cross-sectional design, 121 hemodialysis patients were recruited. Self-administered surveys were employed to capture demographic data, as well as a Depression and Anxiety Scale, and a Spiritual Well-being Scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics, along with multivariate regression, were utilized to analyze the data. Results show that the majority of respondents (77.7–87.6%) report moderate levels of religious well-being (RBW) and existential well-being (EWB), while 76.8–15.7% showed low-to-moderate levels of depression, respectively. Additionally, 20.7% of patients experienced moderate-to-severe anxiety. Significant negative correlations were found between RWB/EWB and depression (<i>r</i> =  − 0.459, <i>r</i> =  − 0.601, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, respectively) and between RWB / EWB and anxiety (<i>r</i> =  − 0.341, <i>r</i> =  − 0.536, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The RWB accounted for 54.9% of the religious score variance, showing a strong correlation with existential score (<i>β</i> = 0.655, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), but not with anxiety or depression. Similarly, the EWB accounted for 63.7% of the EWB variance, showing a correlation with religious score (<i>β</i> = 0.528, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and anxiety score (<i>β</i> =  − 0.199, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), but not with depression. In contrast, the depression explained 71.2% of the variation in depression scores, as well as showing strong correlations with anxiety (<i>β</i> = 0.663, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The anxiety accounted for 66.8% of the variance in anxiety scores, with depression being a significant predictor (<i>β</i> = 0.763, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). This study highlights the importance of integrating spirituality into holistic care for hemodialysis patients because its presence positively influences both mental and physical health outcomes.</p>

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Correlations Between Spirituality, Anxiety, and Depression in Hemodialysis Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月4日

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  • Ahmad M. Rayani,
  • Michael W. Smart,
  • Salman M. Alreshidi,
  • Yazan D. Al-Mrayat,
  • Mirna Fawaz,
  • Abdulaziz M. Alodhailah,
  • Ebtsam A. Abou Hashish,
  • Hamad G. Dailah,
  • Mashael F. Dewan,
  • Ali Alhaiti,
  • Mohammad Rababa

摘要

Spirituality is widely recognized as a potential moderator of the adverse effects of hemodialysis on mental health. Understanding its impact on mental health in Saudi Arabia and the Arab world, however, remains a significant research gap. Hence, this study aims to explore the correlations between spirituality, anxiety, and depression among Saudi Arabian patients undergoing hemodialysis. Using a cross-sectional design, 121 hemodialysis patients were recruited. Self-administered surveys were employed to capture demographic data, as well as a Depression and Anxiety Scale, and a Spiritual Well-being Scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics, along with multivariate regression, were utilized to analyze the data. Results show that the majority of respondents (77.7–87.6%) report moderate levels of religious well-being (RBW) and existential well-being (EWB), while 76.8–15.7% showed low-to-moderate levels of depression, respectively. Additionally, 20.7% of patients experienced moderate-to-severe anxiety. Significant negative correlations were found between RWB/EWB and depression (r =  − 0.459, r =  − 0.601, p < 0.001, respectively) and between RWB / EWB and anxiety (r =  − 0.341, r =  − 0.536, p < 0.001). The RWB accounted for 54.9% of the religious score variance, showing a strong correlation with existential score (β = 0.655, p < 0.001), but not with anxiety or depression. Similarly, the EWB accounted for 63.7% of the EWB variance, showing a correlation with religious score (β = 0.528, p < 0.001) and anxiety score (β =  − 0.199, p < 0.05), but not with depression. In contrast, the depression explained 71.2% of the variation in depression scores, as well as showing strong correlations with anxiety (β = 0.663, p < 0.05). The anxiety accounted for 66.8% of the variance in anxiety scores, with depression being a significant predictor (β = 0.763, p < 0.001). This study highlights the importance of integrating spirituality into holistic care for hemodialysis patients because its presence positively influences both mental and physical health outcomes.