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<p>Electric double-layer supercapacitors require carbon electrodes with high energy and power densities. The performance of the carbon electrodes depends mainly on their porosity, the structure of the carbon layers and surface functionalities. Herein, a one-step strategy for regulating the structure of carbon layers, porosity, and introducing nitrogen functionalities into carbon using tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) is reported. Hydrothermal carbonisation of glucose was employed to prepare the carbons. The electrochemical performance of the synthesized porous carbons was evaluated using a two-electrode symmetrical coin cell with tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF₄) in acetonitrile as the electrolyte. The cyclic voltammogram (CV) of the carbons was recorded within a voltage window of 0 to 2.7&#xa0;V. The specific capacitance of the carbons was calculated from galvanostatic charge-discharge curves obtained by chrono-potentiometric cycling within the potential window 0–2.7&#xa0;V at different current densities. The N-doped carbon (GCT-2(900), prepared from a solution of glucose and TEAOH (Glucose/ TEAOH mol ratio = 23), delivered a specific capacitance of 180&#xa0;F g⁻¹ at 0.2&#xa0;A g⁻¹, nearly four times higher than the carbon derived from glucose alone. Furthermore, it exhibited good cycling stability, retaining 82.4% of its initial capacitance after 1000 cycles, along with an energy density of 46 Wh kg⁻¹ and a power density of 1478&#xa0;W kg⁻¹. The superior electrochemical performance of GCT-2(900) is attributed to enhanced electrical conductivity arising from nitrogen functionalities, graphitic domains with disordered carbon structures, and balanced micro–mesoporous texture, which facilitates efficient ion transport and charge storage.</p>

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Preparation of N-doped, porous carbon supercapacitor electrodes using tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide as a structure regulator and source of nitrogen

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月30日

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  • Nithya Gurumoorthi,
  • Nagmani,
  • Senthilkumar Sellappan,
  • Anandan Srinivasan,
  • Cheralathan Kanakkampalayam Krishnan

摘要

Electric double-layer supercapacitors require carbon electrodes with high energy and power densities. The performance of the carbon electrodes depends mainly on their porosity, the structure of the carbon layers and surface functionalities. Herein, a one-step strategy for regulating the structure of carbon layers, porosity, and introducing nitrogen functionalities into carbon using tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) is reported. Hydrothermal carbonisation of glucose was employed to prepare the carbons. The electrochemical performance of the synthesized porous carbons was evaluated using a two-electrode symmetrical coin cell with tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF₄) in acetonitrile as the electrolyte. The cyclic voltammogram (CV) of the carbons was recorded within a voltage window of 0 to 2.7 V. The specific capacitance of the carbons was calculated from galvanostatic charge-discharge curves obtained by chrono-potentiometric cycling within the potential window 0–2.7 V at different current densities. The N-doped carbon (GCT-2(900), prepared from a solution of glucose and TEAOH (Glucose/ TEAOH mol ratio = 23), delivered a specific capacitance of 180 F g⁻¹ at 0.2 A g⁻¹, nearly four times higher than the carbon derived from glucose alone. Furthermore, it exhibited good cycling stability, retaining 82.4% of its initial capacitance after 1000 cycles, along with an energy density of 46 Wh kg⁻¹ and a power density of 1478 W kg⁻¹. The superior electrochemical performance of GCT-2(900) is attributed to enhanced electrical conductivity arising from nitrogen functionalities, graphitic domains with disordered carbon structures, and balanced micro–mesoporous texture, which facilitates efficient ion transport and charge storage.