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<p>Responsive polymers have attracted considerable attention over the past two decades due to their potential in advanced functional applications. The practical implementation of these materials often requires multicomponent systems comprising polymer blends and functional nanofillers. In this study, a highly efficient stimuli-responsive nanocomposite was developed, based on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polylactic acid (PLA) plasticized with low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol (PEG). Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as a biocompatible and renewable nanofiller and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a conductive nanofiller were incorporated to enhance mechanical properties and electroactivity. The results demonstrated that the nanofillers effectively regulated phase morphology, elasticity, and shape memory behavior, with the optimal performance achieved through the hybrid integration of these nanofillers. The addition of PEG reduced the glass transition temperature of PLA by 19&#xa0;°C, thereby improving the recovery ratio. Moreover, the PLA matrix exhibited excellent shape fixity performance, with a fixity ratio of at least 96.8%. The optimized nanocomposite achieved a rapid electroactive response, with recovery ratios of 82.1% for the unplasticized and 90.2% for the plasticized nanocomposites. These findings underscore the potential of synergistic CNC-MWCNT incorporation for designing advanced stimuli-responsive materials.</p>

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Electroactive Thermally-Induced Shape Memory PEG-Plasticized Polymer Nanocomposites Based on TPU/PLA with CNC and MWCNT

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月23日

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  • Sara KhanMohammadi,
  • Fatemeh Goharpey,
  • Ali-Asghar Katbab

摘要

Responsive polymers have attracted considerable attention over the past two decades due to their potential in advanced functional applications. The practical implementation of these materials often requires multicomponent systems comprising polymer blends and functional nanofillers. In this study, a highly efficient stimuli-responsive nanocomposite was developed, based on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polylactic acid (PLA) plasticized with low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol (PEG). Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as a biocompatible and renewable nanofiller and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a conductive nanofiller were incorporated to enhance mechanical properties and electroactivity. The results demonstrated that the nanofillers effectively regulated phase morphology, elasticity, and shape memory behavior, with the optimal performance achieved through the hybrid integration of these nanofillers. The addition of PEG reduced the glass transition temperature of PLA by 19 °C, thereby improving the recovery ratio. Moreover, the PLA matrix exhibited excellent shape fixity performance, with a fixity ratio of at least 96.8%. The optimized nanocomposite achieved a rapid electroactive response, with recovery ratios of 82.1% for the unplasticized and 90.2% for the plasticized nanocomposites. These findings underscore the potential of synergistic CNC-MWCNT incorporation for designing advanced stimuli-responsive materials.