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<p>This study systematically investigates the effect of glycerol plasticization (9–45 wt%) on the structural, dielectric, and electrochemical properties of chitosan–dextran–NaI– Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocomposite polymer electrolyte films with a fixed Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content of 3 wt%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a progressive reduction in crystallinity from 37.71% to 28.21% with increasing glycerol concentration, indicating enhanced amorphous phase formation favorable for ion transport. FTIR spectroscopy showed pronounced broadening of the –OH/–NH stretching region, together with subtle changes in polysaccharide bands, confirming strong hydrogen bonding interactions and glycerol-induced polymer chain relaxation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated a dramatic increase in ionic conductivity from 8 nS cm<sup>− 1</sup> to 10 µS cm<sup>− 1</sup>, corresponding to nearly three orders of magnitude enhancement. Dielectric analysis revealed that the low-frequency dielectric constant increased from 1.2 × 10<sup>2</sup> to 1.0 × 10<sup>4</sup>, while the dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) relaxation peak shifted from 0.56&#xa0;kHz to 74.13&#xa0;kHz, indicating accelerated polarization dynamics and reduced relaxation time. Ion transport parameters further confirmed substantial increases in charge carrier density and ionic mobility, attributed to improved Na<sup>+</sup> dissociation and increased free volume within the plasticized polymer matrix. These results indicate that glycerol strongly plasticizes the CS–Dextran matrix, producing increased amorphous fraction and trends consistent with enhanced ionic transport. However, the mechanistic interpretation (including the role of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and the dominance of Na<sup>+</sup> conduction) is inferred from structural, dielectric, and EIS trends measured at room temperature.</p>

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Glycerol-Driven Amorphisation and Enhanced Ion Transport in Chitosan–Dextran–NaI/Al2O3 Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolytes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月24日

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  • Peshawa H. Mahmood,
  • Ibrahim Nazem Qader,
  • Karukh Ali Babakr,
  • Shujahadeen Bakr Aziz,
  • Abubakr Wsu Muhammed,
  • Hazhar Hamad Rasul,
  • Safar Saeed Mohammed,
  • Ibrahim Luqman Salih,
  • Peyman Aspoukeh,
  • Hossein Khojasteh,
  • Bala Talib Ali,
  • Dlshad Aziz Hamid,
  • Pshdar Ahmed Ibrahim

摘要

This study systematically investigates the effect of glycerol plasticization (9–45 wt%) on the structural, dielectric, and electrochemical properties of chitosan–dextran–NaI– Al2O3 nanocomposite polymer electrolyte films with a fixed Al2O3 content of 3 wt%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a progressive reduction in crystallinity from 37.71% to 28.21% with increasing glycerol concentration, indicating enhanced amorphous phase formation favorable for ion transport. FTIR spectroscopy showed pronounced broadening of the –OH/–NH stretching region, together with subtle changes in polysaccharide bands, confirming strong hydrogen bonding interactions and glycerol-induced polymer chain relaxation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated a dramatic increase in ionic conductivity from 8 nS cm− 1 to 10 µS cm− 1, corresponding to nearly three orders of magnitude enhancement. Dielectric analysis revealed that the low-frequency dielectric constant increased from 1.2 × 102 to 1.0 × 104, while the dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) relaxation peak shifted from 0.56 kHz to 74.13 kHz, indicating accelerated polarization dynamics and reduced relaxation time. Ion transport parameters further confirmed substantial increases in charge carrier density and ionic mobility, attributed to improved Na+ dissociation and increased free volume within the plasticized polymer matrix. These results indicate that glycerol strongly plasticizes the CS–Dextran matrix, producing increased amorphous fraction and trends consistent with enhanced ionic transport. However, the mechanistic interpretation (including the role of Al2O3 and the dominance of Na+ conduction) is inferred from structural, dielectric, and EIS trends measured at room temperature.