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<p>This study investigates the mechanical and rheological behaviour of interpenetrating network (IPN) organohydrogels composed of polyacrylamide (PAAm) and gellan gum (GG), modified with varying concentrations of glycerol (GL) and ethylene glycol (EG). Through systematic swelling, tensile, and rheological analyses, we demonstrate the dual role of polyols: acting as plasticizers at moderate concentrations (25–50%) and as network-reinforcing agents at higher concentration (75%). Swelling experiments revealed an initial increase in water uptake due to enhanced polymer chain mobility, followed by a marked reduction at high polyol content, indicative of hydrogen-bond-driven network densification. Tensile measurements validated this transition, showing substantial improvements in tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus at 75% GL and EG. Oscillatory rheology revealed nearly frequency-independent storage moduli (G′), confirming the formation of a robust gel network, while elevated loss moduli (G″) at high polyol concentrations reflected enhanced energy dissipation. The observed rheological response, including the evolution of tan δ and damping behaviour, highlights the tunable mechanical and viscoelastic characteristics imparted by polyol incorporation. Collectively, these results establish a clear structure–property framework for tailoring polyol-modified IPN organohydrogels for advanced applications in flexible electronics.</p>

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Rheo-Mechanical Characterisation of Polyol-Modified Polyacrylamide-Gellan Gum Interpenetrating Network Organohydrogels

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月20日

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  • G. K. Gokul,
  • Sudheesh Parathakkatt

摘要

This study investigates the mechanical and rheological behaviour of interpenetrating network (IPN) organohydrogels composed of polyacrylamide (PAAm) and gellan gum (GG), modified with varying concentrations of glycerol (GL) and ethylene glycol (EG). Through systematic swelling, tensile, and rheological analyses, we demonstrate the dual role of polyols: acting as plasticizers at moderate concentrations (25–50%) and as network-reinforcing agents at higher concentration (75%). Swelling experiments revealed an initial increase in water uptake due to enhanced polymer chain mobility, followed by a marked reduction at high polyol content, indicative of hydrogen-bond-driven network densification. Tensile measurements validated this transition, showing substantial improvements in tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus at 75% GL and EG. Oscillatory rheology revealed nearly frequency-independent storage moduli (G′), confirming the formation of a robust gel network, while elevated loss moduli (G″) at high polyol concentrations reflected enhanced energy dissipation. The observed rheological response, including the evolution of tan δ and damping behaviour, highlights the tunable mechanical and viscoelastic characteristics imparted by polyol incorporation. Collectively, these results establish a clear structure–property framework for tailoring polyol-modified IPN organohydrogels for advanced applications in flexible electronics.