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<p>Here, we introduce a phosphoric acid-modified shrimp shell biochar-chitosan composite (PBC) engineered to overcome the monofunctional limitations of traditional soil amendments. This material provides a novel, synergistic solution to the dual challenge of soil degradation and pesticide pollution by delivering a tripartite effect: radical improvement of saline-alkali soil physicochemical properties, potent immobilization of the fungicide tebuconazole, and significant promotion of crop growth. The phosphoric acid treatment engineered a high-surface-area mesoporous architecture (146.38&#xa0;m²/g) within the composite, simultaneously grafting abundant phosphate and amino functionalities that serve as the active sites for its tripartite remedial action. In pot trials, PBC application drove a fundamental reconditioning of the saline-alkali soil—slashing the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) by 53.48% and boosting soil organic carbon (SOC) by 341.71%—which in turn spurred a 301.85% increase in ryegrass shoot length. Beyond soil conditioning, the composite’s engineered Surface chemistry proved highly effective for contaminant sequestration. In soil column experiments, its application retarded tebuconazole breakthrough and reduced the total cumulative mass of leached fungicide to just 24% of that observed in the control. This research presents PBC as a promising amendment that offers a powerful strategy for simultaneous aquatic waste resource utilization, saline soil reclamation, and ecosystem protection from pesticide contamination.</p>

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Phosphoric Acid-Activated Shrimp Shell Biochar-Chitosan for Mitigating Soil Sodicity and Tebuconazole Contamination

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月23日

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  • Rui Song,
  • Chenyu Qi,
  • Yijue Fei,
  • Baolong Wang,
  • Wenfeng Zhou,
  • Haixiang Gao

摘要

Here, we introduce a phosphoric acid-modified shrimp shell biochar-chitosan composite (PBC) engineered to overcome the monofunctional limitations of traditional soil amendments. This material provides a novel, synergistic solution to the dual challenge of soil degradation and pesticide pollution by delivering a tripartite effect: radical improvement of saline-alkali soil physicochemical properties, potent immobilization of the fungicide tebuconazole, and significant promotion of crop growth. The phosphoric acid treatment engineered a high-surface-area mesoporous architecture (146.38 m²/g) within the composite, simultaneously grafting abundant phosphate and amino functionalities that serve as the active sites for its tripartite remedial action. In pot trials, PBC application drove a fundamental reconditioning of the saline-alkali soil—slashing the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) by 53.48% and boosting soil organic carbon (SOC) by 341.71%—which in turn spurred a 301.85% increase in ryegrass shoot length. Beyond soil conditioning, the composite’s engineered Surface chemistry proved highly effective for contaminant sequestration. In soil column experiments, its application retarded tebuconazole breakthrough and reduced the total cumulative mass of leached fungicide to just 24% of that observed in the control. This research presents PBC as a promising amendment that offers a powerful strategy for simultaneous aquatic waste resource utilization, saline soil reclamation, and ecosystem protection from pesticide contamination.