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<p>In this study, the feasibility of a machine learning model for the automatic classification of impact-echo testing results was investigated. A machine learning model with features such as instantaneous frequency and spectral entropy extracted from time series data was compared with two different approaches, including conventional peak frequency and a deep learning model. To construct a robust and flexible model, an open-source database from two organizations performed by different testing operators and equipment was used to train and develop the universal classifier. The model was evaluated for its ability to classify the type of defects as well as their presence, and the results showed that shallow delamination can be detected more accurately than other types of defects. The proposed machine learning model showed reliable and promising results and has the potential to improve the efficiency of impact-echo testing in concrete structures.</p>

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Machine Learning Assisted Method for Automated Impact-Echo Testing of Concrete Structures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • Sang Min Lee,
  • Jinyoung Hong,
  • Hajin Choi,
  • Thomas H.-K. Kang

摘要

In this study, the feasibility of a machine learning model for the automatic classification of impact-echo testing results was investigated. A machine learning model with features such as instantaneous frequency and spectral entropy extracted from time series data was compared with two different approaches, including conventional peak frequency and a deep learning model. To construct a robust and flexible model, an open-source database from two organizations performed by different testing operators and equipment was used to train and develop the universal classifier. The model was evaluated for its ability to classify the type of defects as well as their presence, and the results showed that shallow delamination can be detected more accurately than other types of defects. The proposed machine learning model showed reliable and promising results and has the potential to improve the efficiency of impact-echo testing in concrete structures.