Modeling Comparison and Structural Optimization of Stepped Sintered Heat Exchangers in Dilution Refrigerator
摘要
The performance of heat exchangers in a dilution refrigerator at ultra-low temperatures directly determines the cooling efficiency of the entire system. In this study, we develop a coupled numerical model integrating a continuous counter-flow heat exchanger with a step sintered heat exchanger (SSHE) to compare two mainstream step heat exchanger configurations currently available. The resulting temperature, pressure, and concentration distributions are systematically analyzed. Structurally, we investigate the impacts of the SSHE heat transfer area allocation and the free-flow channel ratio on overall thermal performance. Additionally, the effect of the number of cake-type SSHE stages on heat transfer efficiency is explored. These findings provide a crucial theoretical foundation and quantitative guidance for the structural optimization of dilution refrigerator heat exchangers.