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<p>To meet the refrigeration requirements for space exploration technology in supercritical helium temperature between 6–10&#xa0;K, this paper focuses on the helium Joule–Thomson cryocooler (JTC). The refrigeration temperature and specific cooling capacity of a supercritical helium JTC are influenced by various complex factors. An enthalpy flow model for the supercritical helium throttling cycle is established to systematically investigate the effects of high pressure, low pressure, precooling temperature, heat transfer efficiency, and specific heat load under representative operating conditions on both the refrigeration temperature and the specific cooling capacity of the cryocooler. To further validate the model, a supercritical helium throttling experimental platform has been established and corresponding experiments have been conducted. The experimental data are consistent with the calculated values of the enthalpy flow model, with a maximum deviation of approximately 1.2%, demonstrating that the proposed method can reliably estimate refrigeration temperature and specific cooling capacity, and thereby support multi-parameter optimization and design of supercritical helium JTCs.</p>

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Enthalpy Flow Analysis and Experimental Validation of Throttling Refrigeration Cycle in Supercritical Helium Temperature

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Yuanting Zhang,
  • Zhichao Chen,
  • Pengcheng Qu,
  • Shaoshuai Liu,
  • Zhenhua Jiang,
  • Deping Dong

摘要

To meet the refrigeration requirements for space exploration technology in supercritical helium temperature between 6–10 K, this paper focuses on the helium Joule–Thomson cryocooler (JTC). The refrigeration temperature and specific cooling capacity of a supercritical helium JTC are influenced by various complex factors. An enthalpy flow model for the supercritical helium throttling cycle is established to systematically investigate the effects of high pressure, low pressure, precooling temperature, heat transfer efficiency, and specific heat load under representative operating conditions on both the refrigeration temperature and the specific cooling capacity of the cryocooler. To further validate the model, a supercritical helium throttling experimental platform has been established and corresponding experiments have been conducted. The experimental data are consistent with the calculated values of the enthalpy flow model, with a maximum deviation of approximately 1.2%, demonstrating that the proposed method can reliably estimate refrigeration temperature and specific cooling capacity, and thereby support multi-parameter optimization and design of supercritical helium JTCs.