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<p>Superconducting resonator parametric amplifiers are potentially important components for a wide variety of fundamental physics experiments and utilitarian applications. We propose and realise an operating scheme that achieves amplification through the use of non-degenerate pumps, which addresses two key challenges in the design of parametric amplifiers: non-continuous gain across the amplification band and pump tone removal. We have experimentally demonstrated the non-degenerate pumping scheme using a half-wave resonator amplifier based on NbN thin-film, and measured a peak gain of 26&#xa0;dB and 3-dB bandwidth of 0.5&#xa0;MHz. The two non-degenerate pump tones were positioned <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sim 10\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>∼</mo> <mn>10</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> bandwidths above and below the frequency at which peak gain occurs. We have found the non-degenerate pumping scheme to be more stable compared to the usual degenerate pumping scheme in terms of gain drift over time, by a factor of 4. This scheme also retains the usual flexibility of NbN resonator parametric amplifiers in terms of reliable amplification in a <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sim 4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>∼</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&#xa0;K environment, and is suitable for cross-harmonic amplification. The use of pump tones at different frequencies allows phase-sensitive amplification when the signal tone is degenerate with the idler tone. A gain of 23&#xa0;dB and squeezing ratio of 6&#xa0;dB were measured.</p>

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Non-degenerate Pumping of Superconducting Resonator Parametric Amplifier with Evidence of Phase-Sensitive Amplification

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Songyuan Zhao,
  • S. Withington,
  • C. N. Thomas

摘要

Superconducting resonator parametric amplifiers are potentially important components for a wide variety of fundamental physics experiments and utilitarian applications. We propose and realise an operating scheme that achieves amplification through the use of non-degenerate pumps, which addresses two key challenges in the design of parametric amplifiers: non-continuous gain across the amplification band and pump tone removal. We have experimentally demonstrated the non-degenerate pumping scheme using a half-wave resonator amplifier based on NbN thin-film, and measured a peak gain of 26 dB and 3-dB bandwidth of 0.5 MHz. The two non-degenerate pump tones were positioned \(\sim 10\) ∼ 10 bandwidths above and below the frequency at which peak gain occurs. We have found the non-degenerate pumping scheme to be more stable compared to the usual degenerate pumping scheme in terms of gain drift over time, by a factor of 4. This scheme also retains the usual flexibility of NbN resonator parametric amplifiers in terms of reliable amplification in a \(\sim 4\) ∼ 4  K environment, and is suitable for cross-harmonic amplification. The use of pump tones at different frequencies allows phase-sensitive amplification when the signal tone is degenerate with the idler tone. A gain of 23 dB and squeezing ratio of 6 dB were measured.