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<p>The ongoing challenge of high cancer death rates highlights the critical need for innovative treatments with high selectivity and low toxicity. Graphene oxide (GO) and porphyrins have been investigated separately for various medical cancer treatments. However, each system has certain limitations, such as GO’s poor solubility or porphyrins’ propensity to aggregate in physiological media. In this regard, a novel cobalt(II) porphyrin complex [Co(II) TP-OHPP] 1, cobalt(II) porphyrin complex covalently bonded to chitosan [Co(II) TP-OHPP]-Cs 2 and supported on graphene oxide ([Co(II) TP-OHPP]-Cs @ G.O) 3 were synthesized, characterized, and confirmed utilizing FT-IR, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Further, the formulated nanocomposite was introduced as an anticancer candidate by measuring its antiproliferative impact, apoptosis, ROS, and cell cycle arrest inducer. The obtained data disclosed that [Co(II) TP-OHPP]-Cs @ G.O nanocomposite reduced HCT-116 growth with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 43.43 ± 6.07&#xa0;µg mL<sup>−1</sup>. Additionally, HCT-116 treated with the IC<sub>50</sub> of the nanocomposite was able to significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001) trigger apoptosis (53.46 ± 4.2%) in a dose-dependent manner compared to untreated HCT-116. Importantly, the IC<sub>50</sub> of [Co(II) TP-OHPP]-Cs @ G.O was able to generate ROS within HCT-116, which further arrested the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase. Collectively, metalloporphyrin functionalized by graphene oxide displayed anticancer potential via apoptosis activation and cell cycle inhibition.</p>

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Cobalt(II) Porphyrin Complex Anchored on Chitosan@Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite as a Novel Anticancer Agent Against Colon Cancer Cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月24日

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  • Aliaa M. Radwan,
  • Mahmoud T. Hassanein,
  • Mohamed M. Alaskary,
  • Sahar H. El‑Khalafy

摘要

The ongoing challenge of high cancer death rates highlights the critical need for innovative treatments with high selectivity and low toxicity. Graphene oxide (GO) and porphyrins have been investigated separately for various medical cancer treatments. However, each system has certain limitations, such as GO’s poor solubility or porphyrins’ propensity to aggregate in physiological media. In this regard, a novel cobalt(II) porphyrin complex [Co(II) TP-OHPP] 1, cobalt(II) porphyrin complex covalently bonded to chitosan [Co(II) TP-OHPP]-Cs 2 and supported on graphene oxide ([Co(II) TP-OHPP]-Cs @ G.O) 3 were synthesized, characterized, and confirmed utilizing FT-IR, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Further, the formulated nanocomposite was introduced as an anticancer candidate by measuring its antiproliferative impact, apoptosis, ROS, and cell cycle arrest inducer. The obtained data disclosed that [Co(II) TP-OHPP]-Cs @ G.O nanocomposite reduced HCT-116 growth with an IC50 of 43.43 ± 6.07 µg mL−1. Additionally, HCT-116 treated with the IC50 of the nanocomposite was able to significantly (P < 0.0001) trigger apoptosis (53.46 ± 4.2%) in a dose-dependent manner compared to untreated HCT-116. Importantly, the IC50 of [Co(II) TP-OHPP]-Cs @ G.O was able to generate ROS within HCT-116, which further arrested the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase. Collectively, metalloporphyrin functionalized by graphene oxide displayed anticancer potential via apoptosis activation and cell cycle inhibition.