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<p>Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers have a two-phase chemical structure, and phase morphology significantly affects their thermophysical and surface properties. To investigate the effects of PCL-diol/PDMS-diol molar ratio, PCL-diol molecular weight, and synthesis methods on phase morphology, thermophysical and surface properties, in this work, TPUs were synthesized by semi-prepolymerization and prepolymerization methods using polycaprolactone-diol (PCL-diol) and polydimethylsiloxane-diol (PDMS-diol) as soft segments and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and butane-diol (BDO) as hard segments. The addition of PDMS to the PCL based TPUs leads to phase mixing between PCL and hard phases at low compositions and phase separation of all phases at high compositions, which causes a reduction and enhancement in PCL degree of crystallinity and crystal size. Moreover, increasing the PCL molecular weight decreases the hard-phase content and forms a mixed-phase morphology, thereby increasing the degree of crystallinity and crystal size. Also, the prepolymerization synthesis method caused a phase mixed morphology while the semi-prepolymerization synthesis method leads to phase separation in three phases TPUs. Surface properties were examined by water and hexadecane contact angle measurements to determine the surface tension of the prepared samples. Results showed that phase separated and phase-mixed morphologies in TPU samples, with the PCL or PDMS phase as the soft segment, led to surface tensions in the range of 23.67 and 34.13 dyn/cm, respectively.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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The Effect of Phase Morphology on Thermophysical and Surface Properties of PDMS-PCL Based Two Soft Segments Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Ahmadreza Tabbakhi-Mamaqani,
  • Mostafa Rezaei,
  • Farhang Abbasi,
  • Ehsan Salari

摘要

Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers have a two-phase chemical structure, and phase morphology significantly affects their thermophysical and surface properties. To investigate the effects of PCL-diol/PDMS-diol molar ratio, PCL-diol molecular weight, and synthesis methods on phase morphology, thermophysical and surface properties, in this work, TPUs were synthesized by semi-prepolymerization and prepolymerization methods using polycaprolactone-diol (PCL-diol) and polydimethylsiloxane-diol (PDMS-diol) as soft segments and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and butane-diol (BDO) as hard segments. The addition of PDMS to the PCL based TPUs leads to phase mixing between PCL and hard phases at low compositions and phase separation of all phases at high compositions, which causes a reduction and enhancement in PCL degree of crystallinity and crystal size. Moreover, increasing the PCL molecular weight decreases the hard-phase content and forms a mixed-phase morphology, thereby increasing the degree of crystallinity and crystal size. Also, the prepolymerization synthesis method caused a phase mixed morphology while the semi-prepolymerization synthesis method leads to phase separation in three phases TPUs. Surface properties were examined by water and hexadecane contact angle measurements to determine the surface tension of the prepared samples. Results showed that phase separated and phase-mixed morphologies in TPU samples, with the PCL or PDMS phase as the soft segment, led to surface tensions in the range of 23.67 and 34.13 dyn/cm, respectively.

Graphical Abstract