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<p>This study reports the green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) using <i>Azima tetracantha</i> leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. The FeO NPs were characterized by UV–Vis, XRD, FTIR, SEM–EDX, and TEM analyses, which confirmed their crystalline structure, functional groups, spherical morphology (~ 45&#xa0;nm), and elemental composition. The nanoparticles exhibited dose-dependent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>,<i> Bacillus subtilis</i>) and Gram-negative (<i>Escherichia coli</i>,<i> Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>) strains. Antioxidant (DPPH and ABTS) and anti-inflammatory (albumin denaturation and HRBC membrane stabilization) assays revealed moderate inhibitory effects with IC₅₀ values ranging from 176.99 to 215.94&#xa0;µg/mL. Cytotoxicity studies against A549 lung cancer cells showed concentration-dependent activity with an IC₅₀ of 27.32&#xa0;µg/mL, suggesting potential anticancer properties. The FeO NPs also demonstrated efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye (94.5%) under sunlight, with excellent reusability across five cycles. Overall, <i>A. tetracantha</i>-mediated FeO NPs exhibit promising multifunctional properties for preliminary biomedical and environmental applications, though further mechanistic and in vivo studies are necessary to substantiate their broader potential.</p>

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Facile Green Synthesis of Inorganic FeO NPs from Azima tetracantha for Organic Dye Degradation and Multifunctional Biological Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月15日

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  • Jothimani Kannupaiyan,
  • Aswini Rangayasami,
  • Wahyuni Yuni,
  • Sri Hartati,
  • Karthik Kannan,
  • Rajender Boddula

摘要

This study reports the green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) using Azima tetracantha leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. The FeO NPs were characterized by UV–Vis, XRD, FTIR, SEM–EDX, and TEM analyses, which confirmed their crystalline structure, functional groups, spherical morphology (~ 45 nm), and elemental composition. The nanoparticles exhibited dose-dependent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) strains. Antioxidant (DPPH and ABTS) and anti-inflammatory (albumin denaturation and HRBC membrane stabilization) assays revealed moderate inhibitory effects with IC₅₀ values ranging from 176.99 to 215.94 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity studies against A549 lung cancer cells showed concentration-dependent activity with an IC₅₀ of 27.32 µg/mL, suggesting potential anticancer properties. The FeO NPs also demonstrated efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye (94.5%) under sunlight, with excellent reusability across five cycles. Overall, A. tetracantha-mediated FeO NPs exhibit promising multifunctional properties for preliminary biomedical and environmental applications, though further mechanistic and in vivo studies are necessary to substantiate their broader potential.