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<p>The development of voltammetric sensor electrode modification through the addition of modifiers continues to be reported. The presence of modifiers effectively improves the properties and performance of the working electrode of voltammetric sensors. Therefore, in recent years a modifier has become a crucial issue for an electrode to be applied to a voltammetric sensor. In this study, we synthesized a nanodroplet-based modifier and studied its electrochemical properties. The modifier synthesis was carried out by combining three multifunctional materials, namely Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs), Ni-Rich, and TiO<sub>2</sub>, through a hydrothermal sintering process. The modifier is hereinafter abbreviated as (C<sub>x</sub>(Ni<sub>y</sub>Ti<sub>z</sub>)O. The XRD characterization results show specific diffractogram peaks from nanodroplets with particle sizes ranging from 9 to 14&#xa0;nm. The nanodroplets show a morphology composed of 0D and 1D particles, where each element is homogeneously distributed. Its application as a modifier shows electrocatalytic performance that provides a high synergistic effect on the conductivity of Graphene electrodes. Optimization of the modifier composition ratio affects the electrocatalytic performance of electrochemical sensor electrodes. In this case, the best composition ratios for CQDs, Ni-Rich, and TiO<sub>2</sub> are 0.40 w/v, 0.80 w/v, and 0.10% w/v, respectively. In its performance, it shows superior stability with electron transfer on the electrode surface controlled by the diffusion process. These findings generally illustrate the potential of the C<sub>x</sub>(Ni<sub>y</sub>Ti<sub>z</sub>)O modifier to be used in the development of voltammetric sensors.</p>

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High Electrocatalytic Activity of Ni-Rich@TiO2-Modified Carbon Quantum Dots Nanodroplets as Electrode Modifier for Voltammetric Sensor

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月9日

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  • Sjamsiah Sjamsiah,
  • Rosmini Rosmini,
  • Zul Arham,
  • Ismaun Ismaun,
  • Muhammad Nurdin,
  • Irwan Irwan,
  • Fadil Arham

摘要

The development of voltammetric sensor electrode modification through the addition of modifiers continues to be reported. The presence of modifiers effectively improves the properties and performance of the working electrode of voltammetric sensors. Therefore, in recent years a modifier has become a crucial issue for an electrode to be applied to a voltammetric sensor. In this study, we synthesized a nanodroplet-based modifier and studied its electrochemical properties. The modifier synthesis was carried out by combining three multifunctional materials, namely Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs), Ni-Rich, and TiO2, through a hydrothermal sintering process. The modifier is hereinafter abbreviated as (Cx(NiyTiz)O. The XRD characterization results show specific diffractogram peaks from nanodroplets with particle sizes ranging from 9 to 14 nm. The nanodroplets show a morphology composed of 0D and 1D particles, where each element is homogeneously distributed. Its application as a modifier shows electrocatalytic performance that provides a high synergistic effect on the conductivity of Graphene electrodes. Optimization of the modifier composition ratio affects the electrocatalytic performance of electrochemical sensor electrodes. In this case, the best composition ratios for CQDs, Ni-Rich, and TiO2 are 0.40 w/v, 0.80 w/v, and 0.10% w/v, respectively. In its performance, it shows superior stability with electron transfer on the electrode surface controlled by the diffusion process. These findings generally illustrate the potential of the Cx(NiyTiz)O modifier to be used in the development of voltammetric sensors.