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<p>The discharge of industrial dyes, particularly Rhodamine B (RhB), into surface water bodies poses a severe threat to both aquatic ecosystems and human health. In this study, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs) were synthesised via an eco-friendly, one-pot method using <i>Saraca asoca</i> (Roxb.) leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilising agent. Comprehensive characterization confirmed a cubic fluorite (face-centered cubic) structure with an average particle size of 15.48&#xa0;nm. Under UV light irradiation (250&#xa0;W, 365&#xa0;nm), the CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs exhibited remarkable photocatalytic performance, achieving 96.18% degradation of RhB at an alkaline pH of 12, following first-order kinetic behavior. Radical scavenging experiments revealed hydroxyl radicals (•OH) as the primary reactive species governing the degradation process. LC-MS analysis confirmed the formation of smaller intermediates, while ECOSAR predictions indicated that these products possessed substantially lower toxicity compared to the parent compound. The catalyst maintained its structural integrity and activity over multiple reuse cycles, highlighting its potential for scalable and sustainable wastewater treatment. Overall, this work demonstrates that green-synthesized CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs are a cost-effective, stable, and environmentally benign photocatalyst for the remediation of dye-polluted water.</p>

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Facile Green Synthesis of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles for UV-Activated Photocatalytic Treatment of Rhodamine B Dye

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月21日

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  • Nethra Kuruthukulangara,
  • I. V. Asharani

摘要

The discharge of industrial dyes, particularly Rhodamine B (RhB), into surface water bodies poses a severe threat to both aquatic ecosystems and human health. In this study, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) were synthesised via an eco-friendly, one-pot method using Saraca asoca (Roxb.) leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilising agent. Comprehensive characterization confirmed a cubic fluorite (face-centered cubic) structure with an average particle size of 15.48 nm. Under UV light irradiation (250 W, 365 nm), the CeO2 NPs exhibited remarkable photocatalytic performance, achieving 96.18% degradation of RhB at an alkaline pH of 12, following first-order kinetic behavior. Radical scavenging experiments revealed hydroxyl radicals (•OH) as the primary reactive species governing the degradation process. LC-MS analysis confirmed the formation of smaller intermediates, while ECOSAR predictions indicated that these products possessed substantially lower toxicity compared to the parent compound. The catalyst maintained its structural integrity and activity over multiple reuse cycles, highlighting its potential for scalable and sustainable wastewater treatment. Overall, this work demonstrates that green-synthesized CeO2 NPs are a cost-effective, stable, and environmentally benign photocatalyst for the remediation of dye-polluted water.