Abstract <p>Biological-metal-organic frameworks (Bio-MOFs) have emerged as a promising class of biocompatible porous materials that combine the structural advantages of conventional MOFs with biological functionality. These hybrid frameworks demonstrate unique potential for sustainable applications due to their tailored porosity, exceptional biocompatibility and versatile chemical tunability. In this review, we first systematically categorize Bio-MOFs based on their structural architecture and biological linker components. We then comprehensively discuss the synthesis strategies, including direct solvothermal methods, post-synthetic modification approaches, biomimetic mineralization techniques, and encapsulation processes. Furthermore, we summarize the cutting-edge applications of Bio-MOFs in targeted drug delivery, intelligent food packaging, high-sensitivity biosensing, selective extraction processes, advanced water purification, green biocatalysis, and environmental remediation. Finally, we highlight current challenges and future research directions for optimizing the performance and scalability of Bio-MOFs. This review aims to provide valuable insights for designing next generation biohybrid materials with enhanced functionality for biomedical, environmental, and industrial applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>