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<p>In this study, a green synthesis approach was employed to fabricate pure magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) and nickel-doped MgO nanoparticles (NiMNPs) using <i>Synadenium grantii</i> extract as a sustainable bio-reducing and stabilizing agent. NiMNPs with 1%, 3%, and 5% Ni doping were synthesized to investigate their structural, morphological, and photocatalytic properties. PXRD confirmed successful Ni²⁺ substitution into the MgO lattice without secondary phases. EDS and elemental mapping validated homogeneous elemental dispersion. XPS analysis revealed the presence of Mg²⁺, Ni²⁺, and lattice oxygen, with no metallic impurities, confirming the chemical integrity of the doped samples. BET analysis showed a significant increase in surface area from 43.8&#xa0;m²/g (pure MgO) to 72.6&#xa0;m²/g (5% NiMNPs), while DLS indicated particle size reduction, correlating with enhanced surface reactivity. ESR and Raman spectroscopy identified increased oxygen vacancies and structural disorder, contributing to improved charge carrier separation. UV–Vis and Tauc analysis indicated a band gap increase from 4.29&#xa0;eV to 4.50&#xa0;eV, suggesting quantum confinement and lattice strain. PL spectra showed suppressed emission intensity with doping, confirming reduced electron–hole recombination. Photocatalytic tests demonstrated 94% methylene blue degradation with 5% NiMNPs under UV light, surpassing 85% by undoped MgO. Mott–Schottky and VB-XPS analyses revealed favorable band alignment and semiconductor behavior. The photocatalysts exhibited excellent recyclability over five cycles. This eco-friendly synthesis strategy enhances morphological and electronic properties, offering an efficient pathway for developing advanced MgO-based nanophotocatalysts for sustainable wastewater treatment applications.</p>

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Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Ni-Doped Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Synadenium Grantii Extract

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月10日

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  • Endla Purushotham

摘要

In this study, a green synthesis approach was employed to fabricate pure magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) and nickel-doped MgO nanoparticles (NiMNPs) using Synadenium grantii extract as a sustainable bio-reducing and stabilizing agent. NiMNPs with 1%, 3%, and 5% Ni doping were synthesized to investigate their structural, morphological, and photocatalytic properties. PXRD confirmed successful Ni²⁺ substitution into the MgO lattice without secondary phases. EDS and elemental mapping validated homogeneous elemental dispersion. XPS analysis revealed the presence of Mg²⁺, Ni²⁺, and lattice oxygen, with no metallic impurities, confirming the chemical integrity of the doped samples. BET analysis showed a significant increase in surface area from 43.8 m²/g (pure MgO) to 72.6 m²/g (5% NiMNPs), while DLS indicated particle size reduction, correlating with enhanced surface reactivity. ESR and Raman spectroscopy identified increased oxygen vacancies and structural disorder, contributing to improved charge carrier separation. UV–Vis and Tauc analysis indicated a band gap increase from 4.29 eV to 4.50 eV, suggesting quantum confinement and lattice strain. PL spectra showed suppressed emission intensity with doping, confirming reduced electron–hole recombination. Photocatalytic tests demonstrated 94% methylene blue degradation with 5% NiMNPs under UV light, surpassing 85% by undoped MgO. Mott–Schottky and VB-XPS analyses revealed favorable band alignment and semiconductor behavior. The photocatalysts exhibited excellent recyclability over five cycles. This eco-friendly synthesis strategy enhances morphological and electronic properties, offering an efficient pathway for developing advanced MgO-based nanophotocatalysts for sustainable wastewater treatment applications.