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<p>This work investigates the calcination temperature effects on the structural, optical, and electrical behaviors of Cu<sub>0.4</sub>Cd<sub>0.3</sub>Co<sub>0.3</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> spinel ferrites. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the formation of a single-phase spinel structure, with crystallite size and lattice parameters increasing as the calcination temperature rises from 850&#xa0;°C to 950&#xa0;°C. Optical characterization based on Tauc plots reveals a direct bandgap, which decreases from 1.50&#xa0;eV to 1.42&#xa0;eV with higher calcination temperatures. A reduction in Urbach energy (from 1.31&#xa0;eV to 1.13&#xa0;eV) also suggests improved structural order and fewer localized states. The activation energy for electrical conduction also decreases slightly from 0.36&#xa0;eV to 0.34&#xa0;eV, supporting enhanced charge transport. The complex impedance spectroscopy analysis, interpreted using the Overlapping-Large Polaron Tunneling (OLPT) model, highlights the roles of grains and grain boundaries in the conduction mechanism. High resistivity (~ 10<sup>11</sup> Ω.m near room temperature) and low dielectric loss at high frequencies confirm the material’s potential for high-frequency and low-loss applications. Detailed analysis of optical dielectric constants, refractive index, and optical penetration depth further supports their suitability for optoelectronic devices. The Cd and Co co-substitution significantly enhances the electronic and optical performance compared to pure CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, making the Cu<sub>0.4</sub>Cd<sub>0.3</sub>Co<sub>0.3</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ferrites suitable candidates for high-frequency and optoelectronic applications.</p>

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Enhanced Structural, Optical, and Dielectric Properties of Cu0.4Cd0.3Co0.3Fe2O4 Spinel Ferrites for Optoelectronic and Electronic Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月9日

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  • Nabiha Missaoui,
  • F. I. H. Rhouma,
  • Sobhi Hcini,
  • Salah Knani,
  • E. K. Hlil,
  • Abdessalem Dhahri,
  • Kamel Khirouni

摘要

This work investigates the calcination temperature effects on the structural, optical, and electrical behaviors of Cu0.4Cd0.3Co0.3Fe2O4 spinel ferrites. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the formation of a single-phase spinel structure, with crystallite size and lattice parameters increasing as the calcination temperature rises from 850 °C to 950 °C. Optical characterization based on Tauc plots reveals a direct bandgap, which decreases from 1.50 eV to 1.42 eV with higher calcination temperatures. A reduction in Urbach energy (from 1.31 eV to 1.13 eV) also suggests improved structural order and fewer localized states. The activation energy for electrical conduction also decreases slightly from 0.36 eV to 0.34 eV, supporting enhanced charge transport. The complex impedance spectroscopy analysis, interpreted using the Overlapping-Large Polaron Tunneling (OLPT) model, highlights the roles of grains and grain boundaries in the conduction mechanism. High resistivity (~ 1011 Ω.m near room temperature) and low dielectric loss at high frequencies confirm the material’s potential for high-frequency and low-loss applications. Detailed analysis of optical dielectric constants, refractive index, and optical penetration depth further supports their suitability for optoelectronic devices. The Cd and Co co-substitution significantly enhances the electronic and optical performance compared to pure CuFe2O4, making the Cu0.4Cd0.3Co0.3Fe2O4 ferrites suitable candidates for high-frequency and optoelectronic applications.