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<p>Glioma, a very aggressive brain tumor, poses major therapeutic challenges. The present research investigates the synthesis, characterization, and bioevaluation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-functionalized strontium oxide (SrO) nanoparticles (SrCMC) as anticancer and biocompatibility probes. SrO nanoparticles were synthesized using co-precipitation and functionalized with CMC for better dispersion and stability. Characterization by XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, PL, SEM, TEM, and EDAX proved structural and optical enhancements. SrCMC showed enhanced photoluminescence with a blue shift and increased emission intensity, indicating modified surface defects. UV–Vis analysis revealed a slight band gap increase from 4.07&#xa0;eV to 4.12&#xa0;eV due to CMC capping. FTIR and EDAX confirmed successful functionalization, while XRD showed reduced crystallite size (32&#xa0;nm to 26&#xa0;nm) and maintained tetragonal structure. SEM and HRTEM revealed improved dispersion and decreased lattice spacing in SrCMC, reflecting surface stabilization by CMC. For in vitro tests on C6 glioma cells, the cytotoxicity was found to be time- and dose-dependent with IC₅₀ values of 22.1, 17.6, and 14.8&#xa0;µg/mL for SrO and 20.3, 15.8, and 12.6&#xa0;µg/mL for SrCMC after 24, 48, and 72&#xa0;h respectively. In vivo biocompatibility was assessed using zebrafish embryos exposed to SrCMC nanoparticles at 0.5&#xa0;mg/mL and 1&#xa0;mg/mL across various time intervals. The agar well diffusion method was employed to assess the antimicrobial activity against the following pathogens including Gram-positive (<i>S. pneumoniae</i>,<i> B. subtilis</i>), Gram-negative (<i>K. pneumoniae</i>,<i> S. dysenteriae</i>), and fungal (<i>C. albicans</i>) strains. The results revealed SrCMC exhibited significant inhibitory effects against all tested organisms and comparable to streptomycin. This work shows SrCMC’s potential for biomedical applications, subject to careful control of toxicity.</p>

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Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Modified Strontium Oxide Nanoparticles: a Multifunctional Nanoplatform for C6 Glioma Therapy and Antimicrobial Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月3日

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  • Zahi Mushtaq,
  • Vijay Sharma,
  • Jonaki Mukherjee,
  • Aneesh Wunnava,
  • Indumathi Thangavelu,
  • Srinivas Tadepalli,
  • Ahmed A. Bhran

摘要

Glioma, a very aggressive brain tumor, poses major therapeutic challenges. The present research investigates the synthesis, characterization, and bioevaluation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-functionalized strontium oxide (SrO) nanoparticles (SrCMC) as anticancer and biocompatibility probes. SrO nanoparticles were synthesized using co-precipitation and functionalized with CMC for better dispersion and stability. Characterization by XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, PL, SEM, TEM, and EDAX proved structural and optical enhancements. SrCMC showed enhanced photoluminescence with a blue shift and increased emission intensity, indicating modified surface defects. UV–Vis analysis revealed a slight band gap increase from 4.07 eV to 4.12 eV due to CMC capping. FTIR and EDAX confirmed successful functionalization, while XRD showed reduced crystallite size (32 nm to 26 nm) and maintained tetragonal structure. SEM and HRTEM revealed improved dispersion and decreased lattice spacing in SrCMC, reflecting surface stabilization by CMC. For in vitro tests on C6 glioma cells, the cytotoxicity was found to be time- and dose-dependent with IC₅₀ values of 22.1, 17.6, and 14.8 µg/mL for SrO and 20.3, 15.8, and 12.6 µg/mL for SrCMC after 24, 48, and 72 h respectively. In vivo biocompatibility was assessed using zebrafish embryos exposed to SrCMC nanoparticles at 0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL across various time intervals. The agar well diffusion method was employed to assess the antimicrobial activity against the following pathogens including Gram-positive (S. pneumoniae, B. subtilis), Gram-negative (K. pneumoniae, S. dysenteriae), and fungal (C. albicans) strains. The results revealed SrCMC exhibited significant inhibitory effects against all tested organisms and comparable to streptomycin. This work shows SrCMC’s potential for biomedical applications, subject to careful control of toxicity.