<p>In this study, Zn₃(OH)₂V₂O₇·2H₂O nanobelts (ZVNBs) with larger specific surface area were prepared by the hydrothermal method, which were employed as a peroxidase mimic for the first time. In the presence of H₂O₂, ZVNBs nanozyme presented an excellent peroxidase mimetic capacity to catalyze the oxidation of chromogenic compound 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine. Kinetic analysis explicitly verified that the catalytic reaction of ZVNBs adhered to the ping-pong mechanism, and ·O₂⁻ served as the primary active radicals responsible for the oxidation of TMB according to the capture tests. Based on the superior peroxidase-like activity of ZVNBs, a rapid and sensitive colorimetric platform was established for the detection of H₂O₂ and glucose. The linear detection ranges were 1–25 µM for H₂O₂ and 10–250 µM for glucose, while the detection of limits were 0.71 µM and 4.43 µM, respectively. Furthermore, the colorimetric biosensor showed a good stability, selectivity, anti-interference, and reusability. Notably, the colorimetric sensing system bestowed its success upon qualitative detection of H₂O₂ and glucose in real samples. This study provides a novel strategic approach for the synthesis of a peroxidase mimic boasting extraordinary catalytic efficiency, while simultaneously enlarging the utility spectrum of zinc pyrovanadate to include areas such as environmental preservation, food safety and biomedicine.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>Zn₃(OH)₂V₂O₇·2H₂O nanobelts were developed as novel peroxidase mimics to establish a rapid and ultrasensitive colorimetric sensing platform for detecting H₂O₂ and glucose.</p>