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<p>This research investigates the mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through endophytic fungi extracted from <i>Aristolochia indica</i> and assesses their antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, and cytotoxic properties. Five fungal isolates KP1–KP5 were collected from Pudukkottai, and the KP2 strain, <i>Aspergillus</i> exhibited the greatest bioactivity. The synthesis of AgNP was validated using UV–Vis spectroscopy SPR peak at 426&#xa0;nm, FTIR (O–H stretch at 3340.1&#xa0;cm⁻<sup>1</sup>, C=N at 1632.45&#xa0;cm⁻<sup>1</sup>), SEM (particle size range of 15–40&#xa0;nm), XRD (FCC crystalline structure with peaks observed at 38.07°, 44.29°, 64.44°, 77.34°), and Zeta Potential (−&#xa0;70.00&#xa0;mV). KP2 AgNPs exhibited 20.67% of antibacterial activity and achieved 94.03% DPPH free radical scavenging at a concentration of 200µL. In vivo CAM assay results showed a significant reduction in blood vessel formation (9.0 ± 0.37 compared to 18.0 ± 0.90 in the control group), confirming the anti-angiogenic potential. Cytotoxicity tests showed a dose-dependent decline in cell viability, with an IC50 value of 39.813 ± 0.875&#xa0;µg/mL. Apoptotic staining verified nuclear condensation and fragmentation in the treated cells, signifying programmed cell death. These results emphasize the therapeutic promise of biosynthesized Ag-NPs as potential contenders for various biomedical applications.</p>

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Sustainable Production of Ag-NPs Using Aristolochia indica Endophytic Fungi and Exploration of Their Anti-angiogenic and Cytotoxic Potential

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月16日

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  • Parvatham Kalyanasundaram,
  • Yogalakshmi Ravi,
  • Rajesh Kannan Velu

摘要

This research investigates the mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through endophytic fungi extracted from Aristolochia indica and assesses their antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, and cytotoxic properties. Five fungal isolates KP1–KP5 were collected from Pudukkottai, and the KP2 strain, Aspergillus exhibited the greatest bioactivity. The synthesis of AgNP was validated using UV–Vis spectroscopy SPR peak at 426 nm, FTIR (O–H stretch at 3340.1 cm⁻1, C=N at 1632.45 cm⁻1), SEM (particle size range of 15–40 nm), XRD (FCC crystalline structure with peaks observed at 38.07°, 44.29°, 64.44°, 77.34°), and Zeta Potential (− 70.00 mV). KP2 AgNPs exhibited 20.67% of antibacterial activity and achieved 94.03% DPPH free radical scavenging at a concentration of 200µL. In vivo CAM assay results showed a significant reduction in blood vessel formation (9.0 ± 0.37 compared to 18.0 ± 0.90 in the control group), confirming the anti-angiogenic potential. Cytotoxicity tests showed a dose-dependent decline in cell viability, with an IC50 value of 39.813 ± 0.875 µg/mL. Apoptotic staining verified nuclear condensation and fragmentation in the treated cells, signifying programmed cell death. These results emphasize the therapeutic promise of biosynthesized Ag-NPs as potential contenders for various biomedical applications.