<p>The rising global energy demand and environmental concerns necessitate the transition from fossil fuels to sustainable energy solutions. Hydrogen (H₂), as a clean and efficient energy carrier, has emerged as a promising alternative due to its high gravimetric energy density and environmental compatibility. Among various hydrogen production methods, water electrolysis is considered the most sustainable, involving the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this review, we focus on the application of perovskite oxide materials (ABO₃), which exhibit remarkable catalytic activity, stability, and tunability for electrochemical water splitting. We systematically discuss various synthesis approaches, including solid-state, sol–gel, hydrothermal, co-precipitation, and electrospinning techniques, highlighting their influence on catalyst performance. Furthermore, we examine recent advancements in lanthanum, strontium, barium, and other transition-metal-based perovskite oxides for HER and OER, explaining their, electronic structure modifications, and synergistic effects. The incorporation of perovskite oxides with carbon-based materials and emerging nano-structuring strategies is also reviewed to enhance catalytic efficiency. Finally, we outline the existing challenges and future perspectives in the rational design of perovskite oxide electrocatalysts, aiming to accelerate the development of cost-effective and high-performance materials for large-scale hydrogen production.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>