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<p>Modifications to the membrane and interface layer are crucial for enhancing bipolar membrane (BPM) performance. This study investigates the potential use of Ti₄N₃T<sub>x</sub> in the BPM interface layer. Ti₄N₃Tₓ was synthesized from the Ti₄AlN₃ MAX phase via salt melting, and its successful synthesis was confirmed through X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and water contact angle analyses. Incorporating Ti<sub>4</sub>N<sub>3</sub>T<sub>x</sub> significantly increased BPM hydrophilicity. The water uptake capacity of BPM-1/PS (without Ti₄N₃Tₓ) and BPM-3/PS (containing 0.4 wt% Ti₄N₃Tₓ in polymer suspensions) was 10% and 17%, respectively. The Young’s modulus of BPM-1/PS was 634&#xa0;MPa, whereas BPM-2/PS (with 0.2 wt% Ti₄N₃Tₓ in polymer suspension) exhibited 963&#xa0;MPa, enhancing BPM stability. However, increasing the MXene content raised electrical resistance from 0.26 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup> (BPM-1/PS) to 2.00 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>. Compared to conventional BPM interface materials, such as metal oxides and carbon-based nanomaterials, Ti₄N₃Tₓ MXene offers a unique combination of tunable hydrophilicity, mechanical reinforcement, and surface charge modulation, providing an alternative strategy for optimizing BPM performance. These findings suggest that MXene-modified BPMs are promising for electrochemical water splitting, electrodialysis, and redox flow batteries, as well as wastewater treatment and energy storage applications.</p>

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The Evaluation of Potential Usage of Ti4N3Tx MXene as Interface Layer Catalyst of Bipolar Membrane

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月25日

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  • Aytekin Çelik,
  • Yunus Aksoy,
  • Özge Hanay,
  • Umay Halisdemir,
  • Halil Hasar

摘要

Modifications to the membrane and interface layer are crucial for enhancing bipolar membrane (BPM) performance. This study investigates the potential use of Ti₄N₃Tx in the BPM interface layer. Ti₄N₃Tₓ was synthesized from the Ti₄AlN₃ MAX phase via salt melting, and its successful synthesis was confirmed through X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and water contact angle analyses. Incorporating Ti4N3Tx significantly increased BPM hydrophilicity. The water uptake capacity of BPM-1/PS (without Ti₄N₃Tₓ) and BPM-3/PS (containing 0.4 wt% Ti₄N₃Tₓ in polymer suspensions) was 10% and 17%, respectively. The Young’s modulus of BPM-1/PS was 634 MPa, whereas BPM-2/PS (with 0.2 wt% Ti₄N₃Tₓ in polymer suspension) exhibited 963 MPa, enhancing BPM stability. However, increasing the MXene content raised electrical resistance from 0.26 Ω·cm2 (BPM-1/PS) to 2.00 Ω·cm2. Compared to conventional BPM interface materials, such as metal oxides and carbon-based nanomaterials, Ti₄N₃Tₓ MXene offers a unique combination of tunable hydrophilicity, mechanical reinforcement, and surface charge modulation, providing an alternative strategy for optimizing BPM performance. These findings suggest that MXene-modified BPMs are promising for electrochemical water splitting, electrodialysis, and redox flow batteries, as well as wastewater treatment and energy storage applications.