<p>In urban areas of disinvestment, deteriorated housing is a prominent issue that is associated with negative social outcomes. Parcel condition surveys are tools that shrinking cities use to quantify the scope of housing deterioration citywide and help guide planning and policies. Using data from 2014 to 2021 in Toledo, Ohio, USA, this study represents the first application of parcel condition surveys to analyze temporal dynamics. Specifically, we tested eleven hypotheses related to factors such as property owner characteristics, occupancy status, ownership change, and legacies of 2014 deterioration observed in 2021. Analyses compared rates of housing deterioration citywide, and then controlled for confounding neighborhood-scale factors using pairs of parcels matched based on proximity. Key results showed the proportion of structures with any type of deterioration decreased over time from 24.0% to 19.0%. Deteriorated housing was less prevalent when residences were occupied as opposed to unoccupied, when parcels were owner occupied, when parcels had a local owner, and when parcels were not tax delinquent. Parcels with deteriorated housing in 2014 were more likely to change owners by 2021. Contrary to our hypothesis, individual homeowners had higher rates of deterioration than investors when we matched parcels based on proximity. This suggests that promoting homeownership by individuals in less prosperous neighborhoods may not be effective on its own as a strategy for reducing housing deterioration. By demonstrating dynamic relationships between owner characteristics and deteriorated housing, these findings provide evidence that can help refine policies for managing deteriorated housing in urban areas of disinvestment.</p>

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Patterns and dynamics of housing deterioration in a shrinking city relate to property owner characteristics

  • Adam Berland

摘要

In urban areas of disinvestment, deteriorated housing is a prominent issue that is associated with negative social outcomes. Parcel condition surveys are tools that shrinking cities use to quantify the scope of housing deterioration citywide and help guide planning and policies. Using data from 2014 to 2021 in Toledo, Ohio, USA, this study represents the first application of parcel condition surveys to analyze temporal dynamics. Specifically, we tested eleven hypotheses related to factors such as property owner characteristics, occupancy status, ownership change, and legacies of 2014 deterioration observed in 2021. Analyses compared rates of housing deterioration citywide, and then controlled for confounding neighborhood-scale factors using pairs of parcels matched based on proximity. Key results showed the proportion of structures with any type of deterioration decreased over time from 24.0% to 19.0%. Deteriorated housing was less prevalent when residences were occupied as opposed to unoccupied, when parcels were owner occupied, when parcels had a local owner, and when parcels were not tax delinquent. Parcels with deteriorated housing in 2014 were more likely to change owners by 2021. Contrary to our hypothesis, individual homeowners had higher rates of deterioration than investors when we matched parcels based on proximity. This suggests that promoting homeownership by individuals in less prosperous neighborhoods may not be effective on its own as a strategy for reducing housing deterioration. By demonstrating dynamic relationships between owner characteristics and deteriorated housing, these findings provide evidence that can help refine policies for managing deteriorated housing in urban areas of disinvestment.