Purpose <p>The I³ meta-theory describes how risk and protective factors work together to influence intimate partner violence (IPV) use (i.e., perpetration). This brief report investigates the influence of chronic pain (presence, severity, and interference) on Veterans’ use of IPV, with IPV experience and social support for pain as potential moderators.</p> Methods <p>Post-9/11 Veterans (<i>N</i> = 823) completed self-report assessments at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Subsample analyses included those who reported chronic pain at baseline and follow-up compared to those with no chronic pain at either timepoint (<i>n</i> = 651) and those with chronic pain at both timepoints who reported IPV use (<i>n</i> = 251).</p> Results <p>In the full sample, Veterans’ past-year IPV use was associated with their past-year IPV experience, PTSD symptoms, and chronic pain. Chronic pain had a bivariate association with IPV use that was eliminated after accounting for PTSD symptoms and IPV experience. In patients with chronic pain who used IPV, pain severity was related to greater frequency of using IPV, but not after controlling PTSD symptoms. Higher pain interference remained significantly associated with greater frequency of IPV use after controlling for other variables. Neither social support for pain nor IPV experience moderated these relationships.</p> Conclusions <p>PTSD symptoms appear to be an important explanatory factor in the relationship between chronic pain and IPV use among military Veterans, as well as between pain severity and the frequency of IPV use. Having pain that more extensively interferes with daily life may increase the likelihood of engaging in IPV.</p>