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Purpose <p>Although the revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS-2) has been widely&#xa0;used to examine intimate partner violence, the factor structure&#xa0;of the CTS-2 items has not been well established among families at risk for child maltreatment, a population with&#xa0;a high prevalence of IPV. The current study examines the factor&#xa0;structure of CTS-2 among maternal caregivers of children who were identified as&#xa0;being at-risk for child maltreatment and tests its structural invariance between&#xa0;individuals with and without histories of youth victimization.</p> Methods <p>The current study utilized data from 466 maternal caregivers from Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. We conducted confirmatory factor analyses with CTS-2 victimization items and measurement invariance testing among caregivers with and without histories of childhood victimization.</p> Results <p>A three-factor solution corresponding to (1) Negotiation, (2) General Aggression (combining Psychological Aggression and Physical Assault), and (3) Sexual Coercion was found. Maternal caregivers with and without childhood victimization histories differed in how they conceptualized specific victimization items from the CTS-2 (e.g., factor loadings differed in items “22. Beat me up,” “19. Slammed me against the wall,” and “33. Accused me of being a lousy lover”).</p> Conclusions <p>Among maternal caregivers at risk for maltreatment and family violence, physical and psychological aggression may be conceptualized as more similar than different constructs. Furthermore, previous experience of victimization may affect their current perceptions of IPV experiences.</p>

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Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales among Maternal Caregivers from Families at Risk of Child Maltreatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月10日

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  • Kajung Hong,
  • Theresa Ngan H. Nguyen,
  • Dalia R. Tabibian,
  • Nicholas M. Morelli,
  • Jackelyne Garcia,
  • Xavier Elzie,
  • Miguel T. Villodas

摘要

Purpose

Although the revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS-2) has been widely used to examine intimate partner violence, the factor structure of the CTS-2 items has not been well established among families at risk for child maltreatment, a population with a high prevalence of IPV. The current study examines the factor structure of CTS-2 among maternal caregivers of children who were identified as being at-risk for child maltreatment and tests its structural invariance between individuals with and without histories of youth victimization.

Methods

The current study utilized data from 466 maternal caregivers from Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. We conducted confirmatory factor analyses with CTS-2 victimization items and measurement invariance testing among caregivers with and without histories of childhood victimization.

Results

A three-factor solution corresponding to (1) Negotiation, (2) General Aggression (combining Psychological Aggression and Physical Assault), and (3) Sexual Coercion was found. Maternal caregivers with and without childhood victimization histories differed in how they conceptualized specific victimization items from the CTS-2 (e.g., factor loadings differed in items “22. Beat me up,” “19. Slammed me against the wall,” and “33. Accused me of being a lousy lover”).

Conclusions

Among maternal caregivers at risk for maltreatment and family violence, physical and psychological aggression may be conceptualized as more similar than different constructs. Furthermore, previous experience of victimization may affect their current perceptions of IPV experiences.