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<p>Thiosemicarbazone (TSC) and semicarbazone (SC) derivatives have been evaluated as ligands for the detection Cu<sup>2+</sup> by using UV-visible spectroscopy and fluorescence quenching techniques. TSC outperformed SC across all the parameters demonstrating a lower limit of detection (LOD) of 0.99 µM as compared to 1.82 µM for SC and a higher binding constant (8.33 × 10<sup>2</sup> M<sup>-1</sup> for TSC and 7.62 × 10<sup>2</sup> M<sup>-1</sup> for SC) as determined by the Benesi-Hildebrand plot. Job’s plot analysis confirmed the formation of stable 1:1 copper-ligand complexes. DFT studies further supported superior binding efficiency and electronic properties in favour of TSC. Antimicrobial activity results displayed that TSC derivative exhibited highly effective response against <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> &amp; <i>Aspergillus janus</i> (MIC- 8&#xa0;µg/ml). The sensors successfully detected Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions in tap, river and mineral water demonstrating their environmental applicability. These investigations collectively established the TSC derivative as a more promising ligand, owing to its dual functionality exhibiting both effective antimicrobial activity and Cu<sup>2+</sup> sensing attributed to its high sensitivity, strong binding affinity, and stable complex formation.</p>

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Synthesis, Antimicrobial Potential and Copper (II) Sensing Application of New Thiosemicarbazone and Semicarbazone Derivatives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月27日

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  • Ritika Dudeja,
  • Shehneela Nisa,
  • Mohamad Yusuf,
  • Ashok Kumar Malik

摘要

Thiosemicarbazone (TSC) and semicarbazone (SC) derivatives have been evaluated as ligands for the detection Cu2+ by using UV-visible spectroscopy and fluorescence quenching techniques. TSC outperformed SC across all the parameters demonstrating a lower limit of detection (LOD) of 0.99 µM as compared to 1.82 µM for SC and a higher binding constant (8.33 × 102 M-1 for TSC and 7.62 × 102 M-1 for SC) as determined by the Benesi-Hildebrand plot. Job’s plot analysis confirmed the formation of stable 1:1 copper-ligand complexes. DFT studies further supported superior binding efficiency and electronic properties in favour of TSC. Antimicrobial activity results displayed that TSC derivative exhibited highly effective response against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Fusarium oxysporum & Aspergillus janus (MIC- 8 µg/ml). The sensors successfully detected Cu2+ ions in tap, river and mineral water demonstrating their environmental applicability. These investigations collectively established the TSC derivative as a more promising ligand, owing to its dual functionality exhibiting both effective antimicrobial activity and Cu2+ sensing attributed to its high sensitivity, strong binding affinity, and stable complex formation.