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<p><i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> and <i>Aspergillus parasiticus</i> are typical fungi of stored maize. To prevail over other organisms when competing for a substrate, fungi emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with different bioactivities. The aim of this study was to evaluate <i>A. parasiticus</i> and <i>F. verticillioides</i> interaction in maize grains stored in silo bags at different initial humidities (iH; 7.5% or 28%) for 28&#xa0;days. For each treatment, dry grain weight loss, maize fungal infection, filamentous fungi count, ergosterol content, FB<sub>1</sub> and AFB<sub>1</sub> content, and VOCs were determined. In silo bags, <i>A. parasiticus</i> caused greater surface infection of the grains compared to <i>F. verticillioides</i>, both individually and in co-infection. In co-infection, the number of colony forming units (CFU/ g) of both fungi decreased at 28% of iH, while at 7.5% there was only a decrease in <i>F. verticillioides</i>. There was greater weight loss at 28% iH and in the presence of <i>A. parasiticus.</i> Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> decreased in co-infection. The ergosterol content increased at 28% iH. Qualitative and quantitative changes in VOCs profile were observed at different iH and according to the presence of fungi. 1-octen-3-ol, 3-octanone, methoxybenzene and 2-pentyl furan were the main VOCs identified. Of these compounds, 1-octen-3-ol reduced the growth and mycotoxin production of both fungi. The 1-octen-3-ol, along with other major VOCs, may support the natural regulatory mechanism between fungi during their interaction in maize stored in silo bags.</p>

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Interfungal Volatile Signals Regulate Growth and Mycotoxin Production of Aspergillus parasiticus and Fusarium verticillioides in Maize Storage Systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Vanessa D. Brito,
  • María P. Zunino,
  • Romina P. Pizzolitto

摘要

Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus parasiticus are typical fungi of stored maize. To prevail over other organisms when competing for a substrate, fungi emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with different bioactivities. The aim of this study was to evaluate A. parasiticus and F. verticillioides interaction in maize grains stored in silo bags at different initial humidities (iH; 7.5% or 28%) for 28 days. For each treatment, dry grain weight loss, maize fungal infection, filamentous fungi count, ergosterol content, FB1 and AFB1 content, and VOCs were determined. In silo bags, A. parasiticus caused greater surface infection of the grains compared to F. verticillioides, both individually and in co-infection. In co-infection, the number of colony forming units (CFU/ g) of both fungi decreased at 28% of iH, while at 7.5% there was only a decrease in F. verticillioides. There was greater weight loss at 28% iH and in the presence of A. parasiticus. Fumonisin B1 decreased in co-infection. The ergosterol content increased at 28% iH. Qualitative and quantitative changes in VOCs profile were observed at different iH and according to the presence of fungi. 1-octen-3-ol, 3-octanone, methoxybenzene and 2-pentyl furan were the main VOCs identified. Of these compounds, 1-octen-3-ol reduced the growth and mycotoxin production of both fungi. The 1-octen-3-ol, along with other major VOCs, may support the natural regulatory mechanism between fungi during their interaction in maize stored in silo bags.