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<p>Due to the limited availability of theoretical frameworks specifically tailored to persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD, PMLD), researchers and professionals often rely on general theories based on typical development. However, the applicability of these theories is uncertain due to the complex interactions of cognitive, motor, and other impairments. This manuscript presents a theoretical effort focused on the concept of ‘pivotal skills’, skills that offer new developmental opportunities, and open up the way to or ‘trigger’ further development.&#xa0;To identify possible pivotal skills in persons with PIMD, a multi-informant approach was used, combining recent scientific literature, a preliminary discussion with scientific experts and intermediate expert feedback.&#xa0;The identified skills are: alertness, intentionality, initiation, exploration, joint attention, object permanence, imitation, self-regulation, postural control, and functional use of senses.&#xa0;This study represents a significant step towards a theoretical model on (stimulating) development in persons with PIMD. Additionally, this manuscript seeks to highlight key areas for future research and to raise awareness among parents and professionals about the importance of stimulating and supporting these pivotal skills.</p>

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Identifying Pivotal Skills in Persons with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月7日

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  • Ines Van keer,
  • Bea Maes

摘要

Due to the limited availability of theoretical frameworks specifically tailored to persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD, PMLD), researchers and professionals often rely on general theories based on typical development. However, the applicability of these theories is uncertain due to the complex interactions of cognitive, motor, and other impairments. This manuscript presents a theoretical effort focused on the concept of ‘pivotal skills’, skills that offer new developmental opportunities, and open up the way to or ‘trigger’ further development. To identify possible pivotal skills in persons with PIMD, a multi-informant approach was used, combining recent scientific literature, a preliminary discussion with scientific experts and intermediate expert feedback. The identified skills are: alertness, intentionality, initiation, exploration, joint attention, object permanence, imitation, self-regulation, postural control, and functional use of senses. This study represents a significant step towards a theoretical model on (stimulating) development in persons with PIMD. Additionally, this manuscript seeks to highlight key areas for future research and to raise awareness among parents and professionals about the importance of stimulating and supporting these pivotal skills.