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<p>The present paper examines the psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Infectious Disease Outbreak Anxiety Scale (IDOAS) across three phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: the first and second waves (2020 and 2021), and post-pandemic phase (2023/2024). Study 1 assesses the validity and reliability of the IDOAS through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, supporting a three-factor structure (factors: “Disease Outbreak Concerns”, “Impact on Routines and Safety Behaviors”, and “Contamination Concerns”), demonstrating good internal consistency. Study 2 employs a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis to investigate measurement invariance across the three samples. Measurement invariance was not established across the three time points of data collection, especially for the post-pandemic phase. Findings reveal significant shifts in how health anxiety is experienced over time. This study emphasizes the evolving nature of COVID-19-related anxiety and underscores the importance of developing tools specifically designed to assess health anxiety related to infectious diseases and fear of contagion for future outbreaks.</p>

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Health Anxiety Across Pandemic Waves: Psychometric Assessment and Measurement Invariance of the Infectious Disease Outbreak Anxiety Scale Over Time

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月24日

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  • Maria Moutinho,
  • Tiago Ferreira,
  • Carla Cunha

摘要

The present paper examines the psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Infectious Disease Outbreak Anxiety Scale (IDOAS) across three phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: the first and second waves (2020 and 2021), and post-pandemic phase (2023/2024). Study 1 assesses the validity and reliability of the IDOAS through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, supporting a three-factor structure (factors: “Disease Outbreak Concerns”, “Impact on Routines and Safety Behaviors”, and “Contamination Concerns”), demonstrating good internal consistency. Study 2 employs a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis to investigate measurement invariance across the three samples. Measurement invariance was not established across the three time points of data collection, especially for the post-pandemic phase. Findings reveal significant shifts in how health anxiety is experienced over time. This study emphasizes the evolving nature of COVID-19-related anxiety and underscores the importance of developing tools specifically designed to assess health anxiety related to infectious diseases and fear of contagion for future outbreaks.