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<p>The development of Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) from the green sources has significant attraction due to their eco-compatibility, safety, and nontoxic nature. This work demonstrated the synthesis of IONPs using the aqueous root extract of <i>Cyperus rotundus</i>, a traditional antibacterial plant source (Cr-IONPs). The synthesized Cr-IONPs were characterized by various analytical instruments DLS, Zeta, XRD, SEM, VSM, etc. to evaluate its physicochemical and magnetic nature. The results confirmed the uniform shape of Cr-IONPs within a size range of 30–70 nm. Additionally, they exhibited excellent colloidal stability with a Zeta potential value of −30.50 ± 1.79 mV. The VSM analysis revealed a superparamagnetic nature with zero remanence value. The antibacterial study showed that Cr-IONPs exhibited strong antibacterial potential in a concentration-dependent manner. Both <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (<i>P. aeruginosa</i>) and <i>Staphyllococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus)</i> strains demonstrated that Cr-IONPs exhibit potent antibacterial activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the diameter of the zone of inhibition increased with higher concentrations of the Cr-IONPs. These results demonstrate that the Cr-IONPs synthesized via a greener approach using <i>C. rotundus</i> extract exhibit strong antibacterial activity and biocompatibility, making them a promising candidate as a future antibacterial agent against multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Additionally, their superparamagnetic nature also broadens their potential for biomedical applications, including targeted drug delivery and diagnostics.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Evaluation of antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of green-synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles using Cyperus rotundus extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月25日

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  • Ankita Parmanik,
  • Prafful Pradeep Kothari,
  • Anindya Bose,
  • Swati Biswas

摘要

The development of Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) from the green sources has significant attraction due to their eco-compatibility, safety, and nontoxic nature. This work demonstrated the synthesis of IONPs using the aqueous root extract of Cyperus rotundus, a traditional antibacterial plant source (Cr-IONPs). The synthesized Cr-IONPs were characterized by various analytical instruments DLS, Zeta, XRD, SEM, VSM, etc. to evaluate its physicochemical and magnetic nature. The results confirmed the uniform shape of Cr-IONPs within a size range of 30–70 nm. Additionally, they exhibited excellent colloidal stability with a Zeta potential value of −30.50 ± 1.79 mV. The VSM analysis revealed a superparamagnetic nature with zero remanence value. The antibacterial study showed that Cr-IONPs exhibited strong antibacterial potential in a concentration-dependent manner. Both Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Staphyllococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains demonstrated that Cr-IONPs exhibit potent antibacterial activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the diameter of the zone of inhibition increased with higher concentrations of the Cr-IONPs. These results demonstrate that the Cr-IONPs synthesized via a greener approach using C. rotundus extract exhibit strong antibacterial activity and biocompatibility, making them a promising candidate as a future antibacterial agent against multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Additionally, their superparamagnetic nature also broadens their potential for biomedical applications, including targeted drug delivery and diagnostics.

Graphical Abstract