<p>Flexible tactile sensors capable of operating across broad force ranges are essential for robotic gripping, human–machine interaction, healthcare monitoring, and autonomous systems. Soft tactile sensors are required in order to handle fragile objects carefully. In this work, we present the design, fabrication, and robotic integration of piezoresistive tactile sensor arrays based on a polymeric-nanocomposite system: porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) reinforced with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs). The sensors were optimized for low-force (0.1–2 N) with optimized per cent functionalization (7% f-MWCNTs in PDMS matrix), exhibiting sensitivity of 53.35% N. All sensors showed response and recovery times in the range of 0.18 and 0.09&#xa0;s, respectively. Controlled porosity, filler concentration, and fabrication techniques were systematically optimized to achieve enhanced electromechanical performance and reproducibility of these sensors, which were 4 mm<sup>3</sup> in dimensions. A 3 × 3 array of these sensors was fabricated, and 3 such arrays were integrated with a robotic gripper for object manipulation and slip detection applications. Real-time feedback and re-grasping functionality were achieved through hardware–software interfacing and Python-based control algorithms. Demonstrations of grasping, slip detection, and re-grasping were exhibited for fragile objects, such as a paper cup, an egg and an empty plastic bottle. This work establishes a reproducible and scalable framework for flexible tactile sensor development and integration into intelligent robotic systems.</p>

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Tactile sensor arrays for fragile object grasp and re-grasp through robotic grippers using PDMS–f-MWCNT nanocomposites

  • R. Akshara,
  • B. S. Revathi,
  • M. Ghaisas,
  • K. Akella,
  • J. Pednekar,
  • S. E. Talole,
  • S. N. Kale

摘要

Flexible tactile sensors capable of operating across broad force ranges are essential for robotic gripping, human–machine interaction, healthcare monitoring, and autonomous systems. Soft tactile sensors are required in order to handle fragile objects carefully. In this work, we present the design, fabrication, and robotic integration of piezoresistive tactile sensor arrays based on a polymeric-nanocomposite system: porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) reinforced with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs). The sensors were optimized for low-force (0.1–2 N) with optimized per cent functionalization (7% f-MWCNTs in PDMS matrix), exhibiting sensitivity of 53.35% N. All sensors showed response and recovery times in the range of 0.18 and 0.09 s, respectively. Controlled porosity, filler concentration, and fabrication techniques were systematically optimized to achieve enhanced electromechanical performance and reproducibility of these sensors, which were 4 mm3 in dimensions. A 3 × 3 array of these sensors was fabricated, and 3 such arrays were integrated with a robotic gripper for object manipulation and slip detection applications. Real-time feedback and re-grasping functionality were achieved through hardware–software interfacing and Python-based control algorithms. Demonstrations of grasping, slip detection, and re-grasping were exhibited for fragile objects, such as a paper cup, an egg and an empty plastic bottle. This work establishes a reproducible and scalable framework for flexible tactile sensor development and integration into intelligent robotic systems.