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<p>In this work, Ca<sub>3</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> phosphors doped with trivalent gadolinium (Gd<sup>3+</sup>) were successfully synthesized through a sol–gel process to serve as a proof-of-concept study for their potential application in phototherapy lamps. X-ray diffraction confirmed that all prepared samples crystallized in a single rhombohedral phase, indicating high structural purity. Photoluminescence measurements demonstrated a strong and well-resolved narrow-band ultraviolet (NB-UVB) emission centered at 314&#xa0;nm under 272&#xa0;nm excitation. This band corresponds to the characteristic <sup>6</sup>P<sub>7/2</sub> → <sup>8</sup>S<sub>7/2</sub> transition of Gd<sup>3+</sup> ions, making the material suitable for medical phototherapy applications. The optimal Gd<sup>3+</sup> concentration was determined to be 0.08&#xa0;mol; higher concentrations demonstrated reduced emission intensity due to concentration quenching. Analysis based on Blasse’s model suggests that this quenching behavior primarily arises from multipolar interactions among Gd<sup>3+</sup> ions. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra recorded at room temperature exhibited a broad resonance line with a <i>g</i>-value of ~ 2.077, accompanied by several low-field features at <i>g</i>-values of 15.9, 6.5, 5.9, 4.2, 3.7, 3.6, and 2.3. The broad signal becomes more pronounced at higher dopant concentrations, while the low-field resonances are attributed to local structural distortions around the Gd<sup>3+</sup> sites. These findings demonstrate that Gd<sup>3+</sup>-doped Ca<sub>3</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> exhibits strong and efficient UVB emission, highlighting its promise as a phosphor material for therapeutic phototherapy systems.</p>

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Narrow-band UVB-emitting Gd-activated Ca3B2O6 phosphors: an insight into photoluminescence and ESR spectroscopy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月22日

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  • Vijay Singh,
  • Mohd Musaib Haidari,
  • M. Seshadri,
  • S. Watanabe,
  • T. K. Gundu Rao

摘要

In this work, Ca3B2O6 phosphors doped with trivalent gadolinium (Gd3+) were successfully synthesized through a sol–gel process to serve as a proof-of-concept study for their potential application in phototherapy lamps. X-ray diffraction confirmed that all prepared samples crystallized in a single rhombohedral phase, indicating high structural purity. Photoluminescence measurements demonstrated a strong and well-resolved narrow-band ultraviolet (NB-UVB) emission centered at 314 nm under 272 nm excitation. This band corresponds to the characteristic 6P7/2 → 8S7/2 transition of Gd3+ ions, making the material suitable for medical phototherapy applications. The optimal Gd3+ concentration was determined to be 0.08 mol; higher concentrations demonstrated reduced emission intensity due to concentration quenching. Analysis based on Blasse’s model suggests that this quenching behavior primarily arises from multipolar interactions among Gd3+ ions. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra recorded at room temperature exhibited a broad resonance line with a g-value of ~ 2.077, accompanied by several low-field features at g-values of 15.9, 6.5, 5.9, 4.2, 3.7, 3.6, and 2.3. The broad signal becomes more pronounced at higher dopant concentrations, while the low-field resonances are attributed to local structural distortions around the Gd3+ sites. These findings demonstrate that Gd3+-doped Ca3B2O6 exhibits strong and efficient UVB emission, highlighting its promise as a phosphor material for therapeutic phototherapy systems.