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<p>The increasing demand for reliable energy storage systems warrants the use of supercapacitor (SC) electrodes, capable of providing higher specific capacitance, good rate capability and longer life cycles. Though transition metal nitride (TMN) electrodes exhibit a significant pseudocapacitive behaviour, their widespread adoption is hindered by sluggish reaction kinetics and lower specific capacitance. To overcome this, a binder-free carbon-coated ferric nitride electrode was developed on a three-dimensional&#xa0;(3D) interconnected porous metallic Ni framework via dip coating and plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) methods. The plasma-engineered carbon layer on the 3D porous ferric nitride electrode improves the interfacial interaction and the structural stability thereby delivering a gravimetric specific capacitance (C<sub>s</sub>) of 532 F g<sup>−1</sup>, areal capacitance of 213 mF cm<sup>−2</sup> and volumetric capacitance of 28.4 F cm<sup>−3</sup>, at a current density (C.D.) of 2 A g<sup>−1</sup> with an exceptional capacity retention of 98% after 5000 stable cycles of operation in an aqueous 2&#xa0;M KOH. The enhanced electrode’s performance is ascribed to the synergistic interaction of the 3D porous network with the redox-active ferric nitride and the conformal carbon coating, which facilitates shortened ion diffusion length and enhanced transport of electrons. Thus, this work highlights the use of plasma-assisted carbon engineering as an effective strategy for high-performance SC electrodes.</p>

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Plasma-assisted synthesis of carbon-coated pseudocapacitive ferric nitride negative electrode for supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月19日

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  • Shruti Kannan,
  • Nilimapriyadarsini Swain,
  • Neethu V. G,
  • Ananthakumar Ramadoss

摘要

The increasing demand for reliable energy storage systems warrants the use of supercapacitor (SC) electrodes, capable of providing higher specific capacitance, good rate capability and longer life cycles. Though transition metal nitride (TMN) electrodes exhibit a significant pseudocapacitive behaviour, their widespread adoption is hindered by sluggish reaction kinetics and lower specific capacitance. To overcome this, a binder-free carbon-coated ferric nitride electrode was developed on a three-dimensional (3D) interconnected porous metallic Ni framework via dip coating and plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) methods. The plasma-engineered carbon layer on the 3D porous ferric nitride electrode improves the interfacial interaction and the structural stability thereby delivering a gravimetric specific capacitance (Cs) of 532 F g−1, areal capacitance of 213 mF cm−2 and volumetric capacitance of 28.4 F cm−3, at a current density (C.D.) of 2 A g−1 with an exceptional capacity retention of 98% after 5000 stable cycles of operation in an aqueous 2 M KOH. The enhanced electrode’s performance is ascribed to the synergistic interaction of the 3D porous network with the redox-active ferric nitride and the conformal carbon coating, which facilitates shortened ion diffusion length and enhanced transport of electrons. Thus, this work highlights the use of plasma-assisted carbon engineering as an effective strategy for high-performance SC electrodes.