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<p>Intelligent polymeric multifunctional hydrogels are compact and versatile materials. They exhibit unique structural properties and functionalities, highlighting their strong potential for biocompatible soft sensors, devices, flexible electronics, and soft manipulators. In this work, a multifunctional hydrogel comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP), incorporating graphene oxide (GO) nanofiller, is synthesised using the freeze–thaw method. The physical properties and functionalities of the hydrogel, such as swelling, stretchability, electrical and thermal conductivity, piezoelectricity, and strain-sensing (flex-sensing), are investigated. In addition to that, the applications for joint articulation sensing (finger, wrist, and elbow bending) for limb rehabilitation, and for humidity sensing are explored. The response and recovery times of the hydrogel are observed to be ~ 200&#xa0;ms and ~ 250&#xa0;ms, respectively, and the sensitivity of the humidity sensor is determined to be -1.206%/% RH.</p>

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Multifunctional poly(vinyl alcohol)-poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)/graphene oxide-based intelligent hydrogel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Khashti Datt Pandey,
  • Ankush Kumar,
  • Ajay D. Thakur

摘要

Intelligent polymeric multifunctional hydrogels are compact and versatile materials. They exhibit unique structural properties and functionalities, highlighting their strong potential for biocompatible soft sensors, devices, flexible electronics, and soft manipulators. In this work, a multifunctional hydrogel comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP), incorporating graphene oxide (GO) nanofiller, is synthesised using the freeze–thaw method. The physical properties and functionalities of the hydrogel, such as swelling, stretchability, electrical and thermal conductivity, piezoelectricity, and strain-sensing (flex-sensing), are investigated. In addition to that, the applications for joint articulation sensing (finger, wrist, and elbow bending) for limb rehabilitation, and for humidity sensing are explored. The response and recovery times of the hydrogel are observed to be ~ 200 ms and ~ 250 ms, respectively, and the sensitivity of the humidity sensor is determined to be -1.206%/% RH.