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<p>The traditional solid-state reaction method was used to prepare ferroelectric–magnetic composite ceramics based on ferroelectric BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (BT) and magnetic lithium ferrite (Li<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>2.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub> LF) in order to investigate structure–property–composition correlations. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement verified phase-pure (1–<i>x</i>) BaTiO<sub>3</sub> + (<i>x</i>) Li<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>2.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (BT + LF) composites with coexisting tetragonal perovskite BT and cubic spinel LF phases, showing the lack of secondary phases or solid-solution formation. Because of efficient grain boundary pinning, microstructural investigation showed consistent grain size refinement with increasing LF concentration, resulting in increased interfacial area. For every composition, ferroelectric experiments revealed clearly defined hysteresis loops. Ferrite dilution and interfacial strain effects were responsible for the progressive decrease in polarization. The 80BT + 20LF composition showed excellent saturation magnetization and decreased coercivity, and magnetic investigations verified soft ferrimagnetic behavior. Temperature-dependent magnetization studies demonstrated the importance of interfacial disorder and magnetic dilution at larger LF concentrations and showed composition-dependent Curie temperatures. The combined results show that tunable ferroelectric and magnetic responses are made possible by the regulated inclusion of LF into BT, with 80BT + 20LF providing an ideal balance for strain-mediated magnetoelectric and multifunctional device applications.</p>

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Structure, microstructure, property correlations in BaTiO3–Li0.5Fe2.5O4 multiferroic composite ceramics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Ganapathi Rao Gajula,
  • Lakshmi Rekha Buddiga,
  • Ch. Arun Kumar,
  • Vadamala Purandhar Reddy,
  • G. V. S. S. Sarma,
  • B. Sambaiah

摘要

The traditional solid-state reaction method was used to prepare ferroelectric–magnetic composite ceramics based on ferroelectric BaTiO3 (BT) and magnetic lithium ferrite (Li0.5Fe2.5O4 LF) in order to investigate structure–property–composition correlations. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement verified phase-pure (1–x) BaTiO3 + (x) Li0.5Fe2.5O4 (BT + LF) composites with coexisting tetragonal perovskite BT and cubic spinel LF phases, showing the lack of secondary phases or solid-solution formation. Because of efficient grain boundary pinning, microstructural investigation showed consistent grain size refinement with increasing LF concentration, resulting in increased interfacial area. For every composition, ferroelectric experiments revealed clearly defined hysteresis loops. Ferrite dilution and interfacial strain effects were responsible for the progressive decrease in polarization. The 80BT + 20LF composition showed excellent saturation magnetization and decreased coercivity, and magnetic investigations verified soft ferrimagnetic behavior. Temperature-dependent magnetization studies demonstrated the importance of interfacial disorder and magnetic dilution at larger LF concentrations and showed composition-dependent Curie temperatures. The combined results show that tunable ferroelectric and magnetic responses are made possible by the regulated inclusion of LF into BT, with 80BT + 20LF providing an ideal balance for strain-mediated magnetoelectric and multifunctional device applications.